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Lenses

This animation demonstrates the behavior of light in a lens, specifically converging lenses. It covers topics such as the refraction of parallel incoming light through the focal point, the formation of images, and the difference between real and virtual images. The animation also explains lens equations, distances, and focal points, as well as the magnification of images.

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Lenses

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  1. Lenses

  2. Lenses

  3. Focal Point Focal Length

  4. Animation of Light in a Lens

  5. Ray Diagrams for Converging Lenses 1. Parallel incoming light is refracted through the focal point

  6. 2. Light coming in through the focal point is refracted out parallel

  7. 3. Rays passing through the center are refracted out in the same direction. 4. An image is formed where the rays cross.

  8. A parallel beam of light is sent through an aquarium. If a convex glass lens is held in the water, it focuses the beam… • closer to the lens than… • at the same position as… • farther from the lens than… • …before.

  9. A parallel beam of light is sent through an aquarium. If a convex glass lens is held in the water, it focuses the beam… The index of refraction (n) between water and glass is less than it is between air and glass. Therefore the light in the water bends less and if focused farther away. • closer to the lens than… • at the same position as… • farther from the lens than… • …before.

  10. A real image is one where the light rays actually come from the image location. Real Image

  11. Virtual Image A virtual image is one where the light rays do not actually come from the image location, but rather only seem to.

  12. Lens Equations: Distances & Focal Points: • Focal Length for a converging lens is positive (+). • There is something called a diverging lens which has a negative focal length, but we have not (& will not) talk about that type of lens.

  13. Sign Conventions Diverging (not doing diverging lenses in this class) Converging

  14. Real Image Image is behind the lens so q = + Object is in front of the lens so p = + Front of lens Back of lens

  15. Front of lens Virtual Image Back of lens Image is on front of the lens so q = - Object is in front of the lens so p = +

  16. Lens Equations: Magnification Note the negative sign

  17. Signs for magnification If M is < 1 the image is smaller than the object If M is > 1 the image is larger than the object

  18. Image is inverted (upside down) therefore h’ = - Real Image

  19. The lens projects an image of the candle on a wall. How will the image differ if the top half of the lens is covered with a red filter and the bottom half with a green filter? Lens

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