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Palestinian and Israeli Public Opinion on the Two-State Solution

Palestinian and Israeli Public Opinion on the Two-State Solution. Justin Scott Finkelstein July 15, 2013 Presented for the Study of the U.S. Institute (SUSI) on Religious Pluralism and Democracy. What is meant by “Israeli and Palestinian Public Opinion”?.

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Palestinian and Israeli Public Opinion on the Two-State Solution

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  1. Palestinian and Israeli Public Opinion on the Two-State Solution Justin Scott Finkelstein July 15, 2013 Presented for the Study of the U.S. Institute (SUSI) on Religious Pluralism and Democracy

  2. What is meant by “Israeli and Palestinian Public Opinion”? • Israelis: Representative samples (at least 500 or so) of the Jews, Muslims, Druze, Christians and others who make up the 8 million people who hold Israeli citizenship and live in the area between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River, excluding Gaza (most are not in West Bank) • Palestinians: Representative samples (at least 500 or so) of the approximately 4.2 million Muslims, Christians, and others who live in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

  3. The Joint Israeli Palestinian Poll • Comprehensive public opinion poll on peace solutions conducted jointly once a year since 2003 by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research in Ramallah http://www.pcpsr.org/arabic/index.html • Presents six main elements of a two-state solution to the conflict in the spirit of the Clinton Parameters and Geneva Initiative

  4. #1: Borders • The entirety of the West Bank and Gaza Strip would make up Palestine, with exception of 3% of the West Bank, with proportional land swaps to make up for this

  5. #2: Refugees • Solution based on UN Resolutions 194 and 242. Palestinian refugees to be given 5 options for permanent residency: • Palestinian state • Areas transferred from Israel to Palestine • Current country of residence • A third country • Israel • All refugees would receive compensation

  6. #3: Jerusalem • East Jerusalem capital of Palestine, with Arab neighborhoods falling under Palestinian sovereignty and Jewish neighborhoods under Israeli sovereignty • All of Old City and Haram al-Sharif to Palestine except for Jewish Quarter and Wailing Wall plaza; those areas and West Jerusalem will be capital of Israel

  7. #4: Demilitarized Palestinian State • Palestine would have no army, but a strong security force and multinational forces to ensure its safety and security • Both Israel and Palestine would be committed to ending all violence against each other

  8. #5: Security Arrangements • Palestine to have sovereignty over its land, water and airspace • Israel would have right to use Palestinian airspace for training purposes • Israel would maintain two security stations in the West Bank for 15 years • Multinational force would monitor borders and implementation of agreement by both sides

  9. #6: End of Conflict • Upon full implementation of agreement, conflict will be declared over by both sides and there would be mutual recognition of each state as the homeland of its respective peoples

  10. Review: The 6 Parts of the Joint Polls’ Peace Plan • Borders: The entirety of the West Bank and Gaza Strip would make up Palestine, with exception of 3% of the West Bank with proportional land swaps to make up for this • Refugees: Solution based on UN Resolutions 194 and 242. Palestinian refugees to be given 5 options for permanent residency: a) Palestinian state b) areas transferred from Israel to Palestine c) current country of residence d) a third country e) Israel. All refugees would receive compensation. • Jerusalem: East Jerusalem capital of Palestine, with Arab neighborhoods falling under Palestinian sovereignty and Jewish neighborhoods under Israeli sovereignty. All of Old City and Haram al-Sharif to Palestine except for Jewish Quarter and Wailing Wall. That and West Jerusalem will be capital of Israel. • Demilitarized Palestinian State: Palestine would have no army, but a strong security force and multinational forces to ensure its safety and security. Both Israel and Palestine would be committed to ending all violence against one another. • Security Arrangements: Palestine to have sovereignty over its land, water and airspace; Israel would have right to use airspace for training purposes; Israel would maintain two security stations in the West Bank for 15 years. Multinational force would monitor borders and implementation of agreement by both sides • End of Conflict: Upon full implementation of agreement, conflict will be declared over by both sides, which would recognize each state as the homeland of its peoples.

  11. Joint Poll Results 2003-2012

  12. What About a One-State Solution? • Joint poll has reported consistently since 2003 that only about 25% to 30% of Palestinians support a one-state solution where Arabs and Jews live in equality. Latest poll of Palestinians from June (30% support): http://www.pcpsr.org/survey/polls/2013/p48e.html • Joint poll of Israelis on one-state solution show similar support; 32% in most recent survey: http://www.pcpsr.org/survey/polls/2013/p48ejoint.html

  13. Polls that Corroborate these Findings • Gallup poll conducted in August and September 2012 found that a majority of Palestinians and Israelis support a two-state solution:

  14. S. Daniel Abraham Center for Middle East Peace-commissioned polls show strong majority of Israelis for two-state solution through 2012

  15. Jerusalem Media and Communications Centre (JMCC), a Palestinian research organization based in Ramallah, reported majority support for two-state solution in March 2013 Q2. Some believe that a two-state formula is the favored solution for the Arab-Israeli conflict, while others believe that historic Palestine cannot be divided and thus the favored solution is a bi-national state on all of Palestine where Palestinians and Israelis enjoy equal representation and rights. Which of these solutions do you prefer? * These answers were not included as part of the options read to the interviewees

  16. Near East Consulting (NearEastConsulting.com) poll, April 2012 Organization based in Ramallah “About the establishment of a one state for the Palestinians and Israelis with the possibility of return of Palestinian refugees to their homes, the results showed that 76% of the respondents rejected the idea of a one state solution.” “The survey results also show the level of support for a peace agreement with Israel (63% in January 2012 in comparison with 59% in April 2012). In the same context, 59% of the Palestinians call on Hamas to change its position regarding the elimination of the state of Israel.”

  17. Cooperation Between Israelis and Palestinians • One Voice Movement video http://www.onevoicemovement.org/mediacenter/#MediaVideos • Just Vision http://www.justvision.org/ • The Parents Circle – Families Forum (PCFF) http://theparentscircle.com/Content.aspx?ID=2

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