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Cell Division & Reproduction

Cell Division & Reproduction. Growth. Cell Cycle. G1 Phase. M Phase (division). Interphase. DNA & Chromosome Replication. S Phase. Cells Spend Most of the Time in Interphase. G2 Phase. Growth. Mitosis. Mitosis. Produces New Body (Somatic) Cells Growth of Multi-cellular Organisms

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Cell Division & Reproduction

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  1. Cell Division & Reproduction

  2. Growth Cell Cycle G1 Phase M Phase (division) Interphase DNA & Chromosome Replication S Phase Cells Spend Most of the Time in Interphase G2 Phase Growth

  3. Mitosis

  4. Mitosis • Produces New Body (Somatic) Cells • Growth of Multi-cellular Organisms • Form of Asexual Reproduction (Genetic Information is not shared) • Results in Identical Daughter Cells

  5. Prophase Centrioles migrate Replicated chromosome Nucleus dissolves

  6. Metaphase Chromosomes line up on “equator” Centrioles at “poles” Spindle fibers form

  7. Anaphase Replicated chromosomes separate Centrioles at “poles” Spindle fibers “pull”

  8. Telophase Cytokenesis begins Chromosomes gather together Nucleus re-forms

  9. Interphase • Two identical daughter cells • same number of chromsomes as parent cell (diploid) • begin to carry out normal cell functions • chromosomes begin to replicate

  10. Meiosis

  11. Meiosis • Produces Gametes • Results in Sperm, Egg, or Pollen • Necessary for Sexual Reproduction (Genetic Information is shared) • Results in Daughter Cells with Half the Amount of Genetic Information

  12. Prophase I Centrioles migrate Replicated chromosome Nucleus dissolves

  13. Metaphase I Pairs of chromosomes (homologs) line upon “equator” Centrioles at “poles” Spindle fibers form

  14. Anaphase I Pairs of chromosomes (homologs) separate from each other Centrioles at “poles” Spindle fibers pull homologs apart

  15. Telophase I Cytokenesis begins Chromosomes gather together Nucleus re-forms

  16. Interphase I • Two new cells after 1st division • half number (haploid) of chromosomes in each daughter cell • a second cell division begins

  17. After 2nd division • Four total daugther cells • each daughter cell with haploid number of chromosomes • these cells are called gametes (sex cells) • in animals: male - sperm, female- ova (egg) • in plants: male - pollen, female - egg

  18. Mitosis Meiosis • Produces somatic (body) cells • diploid number of chromosomes in daughter cells • one cell division resulting in two daughter cells • replicated chromosomes individually line up during metaphase • genetic information in daughter cells identical to that of parent cell • Produces gametes (sex) cells • haploid number of chromosomes in daughter cells • two cell divisions resulting in four daughter cells • replicated chromosomes line up in pairs (homologs) during metaphase • genetic information in daughter cells different to that of parent cell

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