Ghana Time Use Survey (GTUS)

1. Ghana Time Use Survey(GTUS) By Bernice Serwah Ofosu-Baadu Statistical Service, Ghana

2. Outline on GTUS presentation • The Purpose and Objective • The need for TUS • Integration of TUS in Statistics Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

3. The need for GS • There has been a mounting need at the national, regional and global level for systematic mainstreaming of a gender perspective within national statistical systems and in the production of statistics. ASD SEMINAR ON GENDER STATISTICS

4. Need for GS cond. According to the strategic objective H.3 of PoA clearly states that “Generate and disseminate gender-disaggregated data and information for planning and evaluation” ASD SEMINAR ON GENDER STATISTICS

5. Need for GS cond. Some of the actions to be taken under this strategic objective by the National Statistics offices includes: • Ensure that statistics related to individuals are collected, compiled, analysed and presented by sex and age, and reflect problems, issues and questions related to women and men in society; ASD SEMINAR ON GENDER STATISTICS

6. Need for GS cond. B. Collect, compile, analyse and present on a regular basis data disaggregated by age, sex, socio-economic and other relevant indicators, including number of dependents, for utilization in policy and programme planning and implementation and to reflect problems and questions related to men and women in society. ASD SEMINAR ON GENDER STATISTICS

7. Need for GS cond. Ghana has ratified and adopted a number of international, regional and sub-regional conventions, treaties and policies on women’s empowerment and gender equality: • Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) • the " Beijing Platform for Action" (PoA) of the Fourth World Conference on Women in 1995 in Beijing • the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of 2005, which has gender dimensions • Others ASD SEMINAR ON GENDER STATISTICS

8. Need for GS cond. • This imposes on the Service the task to develop gender statistics in the country, to track the progress Ghana is making on the attainment of GE and WE; • Play an important role in increasing awareness on the production and use of GS; • Develop systems on gender statistics to monitor changes in the situation of women as against that of men. ASD SEMINAR ON GENDER STATISTICS

9. Purpose of GTUS • With the developments at the international level, the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), on its 40th anniversary in 1998, convened a regional conference on the theme “African Women and Economic Development: Investing in Our Future”. • And also how to eliminate gender discrimination. Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

10. Purpose … • Since it was well recognised that the process of measuring unremunerated work is not an easy task. • Therefore, one of the key actions proposed by the conference was “to include a gender perspective in national accounting systems and other data for example, by conducting time use surveys which produce information on time use across formal, informal and unpaid reproductive sectors for women, men and girls and boys in different contexts, particularly in areas of high poverty prevalence”. Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

11. Objectives • The main objective of the GTUS was to measure and analyze the time spent in a 24-hour period by individuals aged 10 years and older – women, men, girls, and boys - on all activities including paid and unpaid work and Non-productive activities (leisure activities). Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

12. Other objectives • The GTUS is to allow for the development of a satellite account of household production as well as a gender-aware macroeconomic model for Ghana. • Address gender issues in macroeconomic and poverty reduction policies and strategies in Ghana. • Build the capacity of the country in conducting time use surveys. • Provide users with data on time use and how Ghanaians allocate time to different activities • Capture the full participation of men and women in the economic and development process. • Improve concepts, methodology and measurement of all types of work and work-related activities. • Mainstream gender into development policy and programmes. Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

13. Household Questionnaire • Section 1: • Identification Of The Household • Composition & Socio-economic Characteristics Of Members Of The Household • Sections 2:Housing Characteristics • Section 3: Household Assets and Use of Social Services • Section 4: Household Expenditure Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

14. Individual Questionnaire • Individual Diary Questionnaire was administered to hhmembers of 10 years and older. • The person interviewed must be the person concerned - no one can answer questions on behalf of another person. • the code number given to the household and the ID number given to all eligible members could be obtained from the household questionnaire. This information was required to link the individual questionnaire to the household questionnaire.  Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

15. Mode of data collection • GTUS adopted • Face – face recall interview Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

16. ICATUS • International Classification of Activities for Time Use Statistics (ICATUS) developed by the United Nations Statistics Division“Guide to producing statistics on time use: Measuring paid and unpaid work)”2005. • ICATUS defines 15 main groups of activities, which include: SNA productive, non-SNA productive and non-productive activities • Coding of activities was done by the supervisors. Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

17. Part 2 CHAPTER 2 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS • 2.1 Household Composition • 2.2 Age and Sex Distribution • 2.3 Marital Status • 2.4 Religious Affiliation • 2.5 Literacy Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

18. Part 2 CHAPTER 3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS • 3.1 Educational attainment • 3.2 Economic activity • 3.3 Reason for not doing any work Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

19. Part 2 • CHAPTER 4 HOUSING CONDITIONS • 4.1Type of dwelling • 4.2 Ownership of dwelling • 4.3 Room occupancy • 4.4 Household facilities and amenities Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

20. Part 2 CHAPTER 5 ASSET OWNERSHIP, SELECTED HOUSEKEEPING ACTIVITIES AND HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE • 5.1 Asset Ownership • 5.2 Housekeeping activities • 5.3 Use of social services • 5.4 Household expenditure Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

21. Report • PART 3 HOW GHANAIAN WOMEN AND MEN USE THEIR TIME Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

22. Indicators used Three main indicators were used to determine the Time Patterns between women and men: • the average time spent in the various activities, • the participation rate of the population in these activities and • the time spent by the persons involved in the activities. (the time spent on a specified activity by those who actually did engage) in that activity. Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

23. Presentation of the analysis • A standard set of disaggregation was used to explore patterns in time use among different groups: • geographical area of settlement (rural/urban) • age group • marital status • employment status • educational achievement • household composition, and • Days of the week All these variables were further disaggregated by sex, given the importance of gender in shaping time use. Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

24. Average Time Spent on Broad activities aged 10 years and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

25. Participation Rate of the population, 10 year and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

26. Time Spent on Broad Category, 10 yrs and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

27. SNA Activities Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

28. Average Time Spent on SNA Work: 10 years and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

29. Participation Rate for SNA work: 10 years and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

30. Daily Time Spent by Actors involve in SNA Work Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

31. Participation Rate for Fetching Water: 10 years and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

32. Participation Rate for Collecting fuel: 10 years and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

33. NON-SNA PRODUCTION – UNPAID WORK Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

34. Average Time Spent on Unpaid Work: 10 year and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

35. Participation Rate for Extended SNA (Unpaid Work): 10 years and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

36. Daily time spent by persons involved on various extended SNA activities Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

37. NON- PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES: • Learning • Leisure & Personal Care Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

38. Time in minutes spent by actors involved in learning activities (4 digits), population aged 10-24, by sex and area of residence Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

39. Average time spent on leisure and personal care activities by sex by population aged 10 years and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

40. Participation rates on leisure and personal care by sex by population aged 10 years and older Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

41. Simultaneous Activities, minutes Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

42. Simultaneous Activities - SNA Work Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

43. Integration into Statistics • Satellite Account (Household Production Account) • Supply and Use Table (SUT) • Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) • Gender Aware Macroeconomic CGE model for policies that affects women and men Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

44. Other efforts… • Based on PoA 206 (b) Collect, compile, analyse and present on a regular basis data disaggregated by age, sex, socio-economic and other relevant indicators, including number of dependents, for utilization in policy and programme planning and implementation and to reflect problems and questions related to men and women in society. • Looking at an alternative approach for compiling Gender Statistics – the Use of Administrative data sources which are routinely generated to the Census and Surveys approach Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala

45. Thank you for your kind attention Integrating Gender Perspective in Statistics, Kampala