Wednesday May 25, 2011

1. WednesdayMay 25, 2011 (Review for Semester Final Exam – Day 3)

2. The Launch Pad Wednesday, 5/25/11 No Launch Pad Today

3. Announcements Please check your yearly average in this class. If you are below 70 for the year, please come and see me ASAP! There are only two more grades remaining!

5. Review for Semester Final Exam Day 3 Items 35 - 51

6. 35 What can be said of a valley glacier that lengthens (advances, or extends its terminus downslope) over a period of many years? accumulation exceeds wastage

7. 36 List three indirect effects of ice age glaciers. extinction of some organisms changes in some river courses sea level fluctuations

8. 37 Describe a “hanging valley” that results from previous glacial movement. A feature on the side of a glacial trough that is likely to host a waterfall or steep rapids.

9. 38 List three factors that could have had a significant effect upon climatic variations and advances and retreats of ice sheets during the Pleistocene epoch. variations in the Sun's energy output precession of Earth's orbit wobbling of Earth's rotational axis

10. 39 Define the term “outwash plain.” a broad accumulation of stratified drift deposited adjacent to the downstream edge of an end moraine

11. 40 What is the most abundant salt in seawater? sodium chloride (NaCl)

12. 41 In what regions of the oceans is salinity the highest? in areas where evaporation is high and precipitation is low

13. 42 What two factors determine the density of seawater? temperature and salinity

14. 43 Why do most marine animals live near the surface of the ocean? Most marine animals live near the surface of the ocean because of sunlight, which supports photosynthesis by marine algae that form the basis of the food chain.

15. 44 Name and describe the three major categories of ocean-dwelling organisms. plankton float with ocean currents nekton are free swimmers benthos are bottom dwellers

16. 45 What do we call the area where the land and ocean meet and overlap? the intertidal zone

17. 46 What is the productivity in temperate oceans determined by? the seasons

18. 47 Make a general statement about the efficiency of the transfer of energy between trophic levels in a food web or chain. The transfer of energy between trophic levels is very inefficient, and can be as low as 2%-10%.

19. 48 Make a general statement concerning the likelihood of survival of animals that feed through a food chain rather than through a food web. Food webs are more complex and provide a variety of food sources for larger animals, each source with its own separate food chain.

20. 49 Define the term “primary productivity” as it applies to biological trophic levels. Primary productivity is the amount of carbon fixed by organisms through the synthesis of organic matter using energy derived from solar radiation or chemical reactions.

21. 50 What type of shoreline feature would indicate that the land had been uplifted or that sea level had fallen? an elevated marine terrace

22. 51 Name two landform features that are created by wave erosion. sea arches and sea stacks