1 / 28

Data and Knowledge Management

Data and Knowledge Management. MBNA. Managing data and information. Usually too much data rather than too little in organizations How does an organization organize all this data and information? Database – a collection of integrated and related files Ebay Proquest MBNA.

neron
Download Presentation

Data and Knowledge Management

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Data and Knowledge Management

  2. MBNA Managing data and information • Usually too much data rather than too little in organizations • How does an organization organize all this data and information? • Database – a collection of integrated and related files • Ebay • Proquest • MBNA

  3. What is Database Technology ? • A collection of related data organized in a way that makes it valuable and useful • Allows organizations to retrieve, store, and analyze information easily • Is vital to an organization’s success in running operations and making decisions

  4. Relationship of DBMS Concepts to Others?

  5. The Hierarchy of Data

  6. View of a Database Table or File Entity Attribute Attribute (One Column) Attribute Type Record (One Row)

  7. The Traditional Approach Figure 3.3: The Traditional Approach to Data Management U of L example

  8. Washington hospital http://www.microsoft.com/casestudies/casestudy.aspx?casestudyid=52519 The Database Approach Figure 3.4: The Database Approach to Data Management

  9. File Processing vs. Database Approach • File Processing Approach (Old School) • Storage Media: sequential tapes or files • Data: stored in long sequential files • Organization: redundant data in multiple files • Efficiency: data embedded to support processing • Updates: requires multiple updates in many files • Processing: slower query/faster processing • Data Base Approach (New School-TODAY) • Storage Media:Direct Access Storage Device (DASD) • Data: stored in related tables • Organization: redundant data minimized/eliminated • Efficiency: data stored only in tables • Updates: requires few or one update for a data field • Processing: faster query/slower processing

  10. Advantages of the Database Approach

  11. Costs or Risks of the Database Approach

  12. Database Systems Activities – Data Entry Employment Applications • Example • Data is entered from paper employment applications into a form entry screen • The entry forms are designed to match the paper forms for ease of entry • The form data is processed by the entry program and then stored in the employment database Enter Forms (Form Entry Screen) (Form Entry Program) (Employment DB)

  13. Database Systems Activities – Query (Query Request) (Query Program) (Employment Query)

  14. Database Systems Activities – Report Report – A database function that extracts and formats information from a database for printing and presentation Report Generator • Example – Report on applicants entered in the last 30 days • Report parameters are selected in the report request screen • The database program uses SQL to query and present the result (Query Request) (Query Program) (Employment Report)

  15. Designing Databases – Data Model • Data Model • A map or diagram that represents entities and their relationships • Used by Database Administrators to design tables with their corresponding associations Example: ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram)

  16. Designing Databases – Keys ENTITIES Primary Key - Student ID Entities are translated into Tables (Students and Grades) Secondary Key - Major Entities are joined by common attributes Compound Primary Key - Student ID - Course ID - Sec No. - Term

  17. The Relational Model • Most common type of database model used today in organizations • Is a three-dimensional model compared to the traditional two-dimensional database models • Rows (first-dimension) • Columns (second-dimension) • Relationships (third-dimension)

  18. The Relational Model - Example

  19. Online Transactional Processing (OLTP) • Online Transactional Processing • The mechanism by which customers, suppliers, and employees process business transactions for an organization • These users conduct transactions online through internal systems and external websites for processing and storage Example

  20. Operational vs. Informational Systems

  21. Hong Kong Airport Organizational Use of Databases Operational Informational Extract Data Extract Data Data Mart Department Databases Data Warehouse • Day-to-day department transactions • Used primarily by departments • Extracted department transactions • Used for business analysis • Extracted subset of a data warehouse • Used for highly specific business analysis

  22. Hong Kong Airport Hong Kong Airport • Identify three operational database applications that Hong Kong airport would utilize. • Identify three informational uses of database applications that Hong Kong airport would utilize.

  23. Data Warehouses, Data Marts, and Data Mining • Data warehouse: collects business information from many sources in the enterprise • Data mart: a subset of a data warehouse • Data mining: an information-analysis tool for automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse or a data mart • Online Analytical Processing -Graphical software tools that provide complex analysis of data stored in a database

  24. Data warehouses are not transaction-oriented. • Data warehouses support online analytical processing (OLAP).

  25. Data Warehouses, Data Marts, and Data Mining (continued) Figure 3.17: Elements of a Data Warehouse

  26. Knowledge Management Definitions Knowledge Management The process an organization uses to gain the greatest value from its knowledge assets Knowledge AssetsAll underlying skills routines, practices, principles, formulae, methods, heuristics, and intuitions whether explicit or tacit Explicit Knowledge Tacit Knowledge

  27. Knowledge Management System (KMS) Best Practices Procedures and processes that are widely accepted as being among the most effective and/or efficient Primary Objective How to recognize, generate, store, share, manage this tacit knowledge (Best Practices) for deployment and use Technology Generally not a single technology but rather a collection of tools that include communication technologies (e.g. e-mail, groupware, instant messaging), and information storage and retrieval systems (e.g. database management system) to meet the Primary Objective

  28. A not so perfect match A not so perfect match • With the increasing power of Data mining techniques, comes ever increasing and reaching uses of this powerful technology. Is this DNA application an application that has gone too far? • Do you agree with this statement "There should be a familial searching policy that is constitutional and legal in the Canada”

More Related