1 / 22

Europe Loses Balance: Road to World War I

Europe Loses Balance: Road to World War I. Mr. Ermer World History Honors Miami Beach Senior High. Nationalism & Alliances. Liberals believed European nation-states, would work together…they didn’t Promoted rivalries and competition Nations built world-wide empires

neviah
Download Presentation

Europe Loses Balance: Road to World War I

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Europe Loses Balance: Road to World War I Mr. Ermer World History Honors Miami Beach Senior High

  2. Nationalism & Alliances • Liberals believed European nation-states, would work together…they didn’t • Promoted rivalries and competition • Nations built world-wide empires • The Triple Alliance and Triple Entente constantly trying to preserve national pwr • Trouble in the Balkans makes for hard feelings b/w European powers • Not all “nations” had benefited from nationalism

  3. Europe Colonizes Africa

  4. European Colonies in East Asia

  5. Militarism In Europe • Socialist groups use violent strikes to achieve goals, causing class division • Conservative leaders look for control • Military build-ups cause tensions • Military drafts help swell army ranks • Nations make aggressive preparations for war • Militarism, nationalism and a want to crush internal dissent create tension

  6. “Till the world comes to an end, the ultimate decision will rest with the sword”

  7. War: Summer of 1914 • Serbians rise against Ottoman Empire for independence, Russia helps • Austrians don’t want their Slavs getting ideas from Serbians, block Serbian action • June 28, 1914: Bosnian terrorist group, The Black Hand, assassinates Archduke Franz Ferdinand (future Austrian king) • Serbia rejects Austria-Hungary’s peace offer, due to ridiculous terms/demands • With Germany’s “full support” Austria-Hungary attacks Serbia on July 28

  8. Conflict Grows • Russia had prepared for war with Austria-Hungary and Germany, so it mobilizes for war with both, Germany declares war • Germany’s Schlieffen Plan calls for war with Russia, and France—first hold Russians, then invade France, with control of France, then get Russia—August 3 • Aug 4: Britain declares war on Germany bringing all the great European pwrs to war

  9. Illusions & Stalemate • Before war, nations thought diplomacy and avoidance would solve problems • Nations begin to stir up national hatred by using propaganda, all think they’re right • Most thought war would last just weeks • As Germans move toward Paris, they are stopped at Battle of Marne (Sept 6-10) • Both sides dig in, and don’t move for four years in brutal trench warfare • Russians lose key battles in east Germany, but defeat the Austrians • Italy backs out of alliance, joins France, Britain & Russia in what they called the Allied Powers

  10. The Great Slaughter of 1916-17 • Trench warfare was unexpected, military commanders had no clue how to fight it • Tactics cause many deaths, barely work • Verdun, France:700,000 deaths in 10 mos. • 1915: Airplanes introduced to war • Germany uses Zeppelins to bomb England • World War I becomes war of attrition, each side just tries to wear out the other by constantly attacking without end

  11. World Wide War • Both side look for new partners • Ottoman Empire joins Germany’s side, called the Central Powers, Bulgaria joins • Allied Powers land in Bulgaria, lose bad • British officer T.E. Lawrence “of Arabia” gets Arabian princes to rise against Turks • British bring soldiers from India, Australia and New Zealand to take over Middle East • Allied Powers, with help of Japan, take over German colonies around world while Germany concentrates on war in Europe

  12. Entry of the United States • At first United States stays out of the war • British navy blocks ships from Germany • German submarines bomb British ships • May 7, 1915: Germans bomb Lusitania killing over 100 American citizens • U.S. angry, Germans suspend sub warfare • British navy has edge, Germans launch subs • 1917: U.S. enters war against Central Powers

  13. Total War • Complete mobilization of resources • When first wave of war fails, governments expand powers to fight, draft more men • Free market put on hold, gov’t takes control transportation, industry, supplies • Food rations, controlled prices and wages • Governments use propaganda to drum up support for the war efforts, exaggerate what the other side is doing • Women enjoy new freedom as men go to war, provides push for women suffrage

  14. Work On It: • On page 413, write and answer questions 1-4

More Related