Pharmaceutical Dosage Modules Power Point Presentation

1. Pharmaceutical Dosage ModulesPower Point Presentation

2. Instructions • Be sure to work through the problems before attempting to watch the lecture tapes. • After working through the problems as much as you can, watch the tapes for the necessary steps needed to solve the problems correctly. • Remember practice makes perfect when working dosage problems

3. Good Luck with the Modules!!!

4. Dr. R. R. Espinosa, R.Ph., Pharm. D. Pharmacology Dosage Modules I-V

5. Dosage Modules • Module #1 Dimensional Analysis • Module #2 Basic Dosage Calculations • Module #3 Reconstitution • Module #4 Basic IV Dosage Calculations • Module #5 Advanced Intravenous Calculations

6. Pharmaceutical DosageModule 1 : Dimensional Analysis

7. Dimensional Analysis • Given Quantity: the beginning point of the problem • Conversion Factors- Equivalents necessary to convert between systems of measurement and to allow unwanted units to be cancelled from the problem

8. Dimensional Analysis • Unit Path: the series of conversions necessary to achieve the Wanted Quantity • Wanted Quantity: the answer to the problem

9. Converting Within and Between Systems of Measurement

10. System of Measurement • Household: tsp, gtt, T, c • Apothecary: gr, dr, oz • Metric: ml, mg, g, l

11. Conversion Problems • 350 mg =_______g • 0.016 g =_______mg • 0.16 kg =_______lb • 8 mg = _______gr • 0.07 mg =______mcg • 500 ml = _______L • 45 gr = _______mg

12. Conversion Problems • issgr =_________g • xx drams =_____ml • 75 ml =________oz • vss oz =_______ml • 9 g =__________gr • 102 lb =_______kg • 3 tsp =________ml

13. Conversions problems • 3 ml =_________Minims • 4 drams =______oz • iv gr =_________mg • 25 L = ______ml • 1/300 gr =______mg • 200ml =________tsp • 6 tsp =_________T

14. Answers to problems Not covered on lecture tape • 4drams=0.67oz • 4 gr=240mg • 25L=25000ml • 200ml=40tsp • 6tsp=2T

15. Pharmaceutical DosageModule 2: Basic Dosage Calculations

16. Dosage Calculations The doctor orders a patient to receive Daypro 1200mg q am and pm. The stock supply is 600mg/tab. How many tablets will the patient receive for the correct dose? -Given Quantity -Dose on Hand -Wanted Quantity -Answer

18. Dosage Calculations The doctor orders a patient to receive Daypro 1200mg q am and pm. The stock supply is 600mg/tab. How many tablets will the patient receive for the correct dose? -Given Quantity -Dose on Hand -Wanted Quantity -Answer

19. Dosage calculations A patient is to receive Doxycycline 5 gr po qid for infection. The stock supply is 100mg/caps. How many capsules will the patient receive for the correct dose? -Given Quantity -Dose on Hand -Wanted Quantity -Answer

21. Dosage calculations A patient is to receive Doxycycline 5 gr po qid for infection. The stock supply is 100mg/caps.How many capsules will the patient receive for the correct dose? -Given Quantity -Dose on Hand -Wanted Quantity -Answer

22. Dosage Calculations Patient is to receive 0.5 g of Zocor q hs for cholesterol. The stock supply is 20mg/tab. How many tablets will the patient receive for the correct dose? -Given Quantity -Dose on Hand -Wanted Quantity -Answer

24. Dosage Calculations MD orders the client to have 1/8 gr of Estratab qod. The stock supply is 1.25 mg tablet. How many tablets will the patient receive for the correct dose? -Given Quantity -Dose on Hand -Wanted Quantity -Answer

26. Dosage Calculations Patient is to receive 70 mg IM stat of Solu-Medrol. The stock supply is 125mg/2ml. How many ml’s is the patient going to receive for the correct dose? • Given Quantity -Dose on Hand • Wanted Quantity -Answer

27. Dosage Calculations Dr orders Trimox 0.5 g q 6 h for infection. The stock supply is 250mg/5ml. The total volume is 100ml. How many ml’s will the patient receive for the correct dose? How may teaspoonfuls will the patient receive for each dose? • Given Quantity -Dose on Hand • Wanted Quantity -Answer

29. Dosage Calculations Patient is to receive Atropine 0.2mg Sub Q stat, then 0.15 mg every 6 hours as needed. The stock supply is 400mcg/ml. How many ml’s will the patient receive for the first dose? How many ml’s will the patient receive on each subsequent dose? • Given Quantity -Dose on Hand • Wanted Quantity -Answer

30. Dosage Calculations Patient is to receive Gentamicin ¼ gr IV q 4 h for infection. The stock supply is 15mg/ml. How many ml’s will the patient receive for the correct dose? How often is this medication given? What is the route of administration? -Given Quantity -Dose on Hand -Wanted Quantity -Answer

31. Pharmaceutical DosageModule 3: Reconstitution

32. Reconstitution The doctor orders Ancef 750mg IM q 8 h. The stock supply is a 1.0 g vial of powdered Ancef. Directions say to reconstitute with 2.5 ml of water to produce a total volume of 3 ml. • How many ml’s will you give to the patient for the correct dose? • How many mg’s will the patient receive for the correct dose in 24 hours(1 day)? • How many grams will the patient receive in 24 hours?

33. Reconstitution The doctor orders Ancef 750mg IM q 8 h. The stock supply is a 1.0 g vial of powdered Ancef. Directions say to reconstitute with 2.5 ml of water to produce a total volume of 3 ml. • How many ml’s will you give to the patient for the correct dose? • How many mg’s will the patient receive for the correct dose in 24 hours(1 day)? • How many grams will the patient receive in 24 hours?

34. Reconstitution Patient is to receive 3 g of Ampicillin to be added to a 1000ml D-5-W IV q 8 h. The stock supply is a 10,000mg Ampicillin vial. Directions say to reconstitute with 9.8 ml of NS to yield 500mg/ml. • How many ml’s of Ampicillin will you add to the IV bag for the correct dose?

35. Reconstitution Patient is to receive 3 g of Ampicillin to be added to a 1000ml D-5-W IV q 8 h. The stock supply is a 10,000mg Ampicillin vial. Directions say to reconstitute with 9.8 ml of NS to yield 500mg/ml. • How many ml’s of Ampicillin will you add to the IV bag for the correct dose?

36. Reconstitution Patient is to receive Nafcillin 5 gr IM q 6 hours for infection. The stock supply is a 2 g vial. The directions say to add 6.6 ml of sterile water to yield 250mg/ml. The total volume in the vial is 8ml. • How many ml’s will the patient receive for the correct dose? • How often is the patient receiving the medication?

37. Reconstitution Suprax 0.4g po q d for 12 days is order for a patient for infection. The stock supply is a 2 g bottled powder. The directions says to reconstitute with 69 ml of water. This will provide 100mg/ml. • How many ml’s will the patient receive for one dose? • What would be the total ml’s for the entire dose?

38. Reconstitution Client is to receive Cephalexin 2 g IV qid for infection. The stock supply is a 2 gram vial. Directions say to add 5ml of sterile water for injection, this will yield a concentration of 160mg/ml. • How may ml’s will the patient receive for the correct dose? • How often is the patient to receive this dose?

39. Reconstitution MD orders Timentin 8 gr IV tid. Timentin is available in a 3.1g powder. Directions say to use 13 ml of sterile water for injection. The concentration will be approximately 200mg/ml. • How many ml’s will be administered for the correct dose?

40. Pharmaceutical DosageModule 4: Basic IV Dosage Calculations

41. Calculating Intravenous Flow Rates Electronic vs. Manual Infusion Devise

42. Electronic • IV flow rate pump delivers volume in ml/hr • Nurses responsibility to program the pump • Amount of fluid/over period of time

43. Manual • IV flow rate must be determined in gtts/min • Nurses responsibility to count the number of drips that drop in a minute into the drip chamber • The IV tubing provides the drop factor, which is calibrated in drops/ml

44. Basic IV Calculations A client on an infusion pump is to receive an antibiotic in 50 ml 0.9% NS over 30 minutes. What is the flow rate in ml per hour? • Given Quantity • Wanted Quantity • Answer

45. Medication involving Intravenous pump A client on an infusion pump is to receive 500ml of R/L in 12 hours. What is the flow rate in ml per hour? • Given Quantity • Wanted Quantity • Answer

46. Medication involving Intravenous pump The doctor orders 100ml of D-5-W to infuse in 20 minutes q 4 hours. What is the flow rate in ml/hr? • Given Quantity • Wanted Quantity • Answer

47. Medication Problem Involving a Drop Factor The doctor orders 150 ml of D5W to be infused over 45 minutes q 4 hours. The drop factor is 20 gtts per ml. What is the flow rate in drops per minute? • Given Quantity • Wanted Quantity • Drop factor • Answer

48. Basic IV Calculations The doctor orders 250 ml of D-5-W IV q 3 hours. The drop factor is 20 gtts/ml. What is the flow rate in gtts/min? What is the flow rate in ml/hr? • Given Quantity • Wanted Quantity • Drop Factor • Answer

49. Pharmaceutical DosageModule 5: Advanced Intravenous Calculations

50. The MD orders 10,000 units of Penicillin to be added to the IVPB of 100ml of NS to infuse in 45 minutes every 6 hours. Stock supply is a vial containing 2,000,000 units of Penicillin. Directions says to reconstitute with 9.8 ml to yield a 10 ml total volume. The drop factor for the IVPB is 15 gtts/ml. • How many ml’s of penicillin will you add to the IVPB for the correct dose? • What is flow rate in gtts per min for the IVPB? • What is the flow rate in ml per hour?