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Characteristics of Living Things and Components of Life

Characteristics of Living Things and Components of Life. April, 2011. Six Characteristics of Living Things. Living things are made of 1 or more cells the smallest unit can perform all life functions has all the materials necessary for life. Six Characteristics of Living Things.

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Characteristics of Living Things and Components of Life

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  1. Characteristics of Living Things and Components of Life April, 2011

  2. Six Characteristics of Living Things • Living things are • made of 1 or more cells • the smallest unit • can perform all life functions • has all the materials necessary for life

  3. Six Characteristics of Living Things • Living things sense and respond to change • Stimulus-anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism • Homeostasis-maintaining a constant internal state in a changing environment

  4. Six Characteristics of Living Things • Living things reproduce • Asexual reproduction - single parent produces identical offspring • Sexual reproduction - two parents produce offspring

  5. Six Characteristics of Living Things • Living things have DNA • DNA- controls structure and function of cells • Heredity - passing of traits from one generation to the next

  6. Six Characteristics of Living Things • Living things use energy • Metabolism - total of all the chemical activities the organism performs

  7. Six Characteristics of Living Things • Living things grow and develop - all living things get larger and change as they grow (unicellular organisms divide)

  8. Necessities of Life • Water - 70% of our bodies are water • Air - oxygen and carbon dioxide used by a number of organisms • Shelter - some organisms stay in one place, others migrate • Food - used for energy

  9. Who Eats What? • Producers - plants use light of sun to make sugar glucose from water and carbon dioxide • Consumers - eat plants and other animals, cannot make their own food • Decomposers - break down the nutrients in dead plants and animals

  10. Organic Molecules • Proteins - made of amino acids, build structures, do certain jobs, and speed up chemical reactions (enzymes) • Carbohydrates - energy source and storage

  11. Organic Molecules • Lipids • Phospholipids create the cell membrane • Fats and oils-store energy for use at later time

  12. Organic Molecules • ATP- adenosine triphosphate-energy molecule in cells, made when cells break down glucose (sugar) from plants • Nucleic Acids- DNA and RNA; responsible for the creation of proteins that control cell function

  13. Diagram of how ATP is made in cells through cellular respiration Explanation of protein synthesis, the true function of DNA and RNA

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