Promotion of Safety

1. Promotion of Safety

2. Safety Objectives By the end of class, student will understand: • Body Mechanics • OSHA standards • Fire Safety

3. Body Mechanics • Refers to the way in which the body moves and maintains balance while making the most efficient use of all its parts.

4. 4 Main Reasons to use good body mechanics • Muscles work best when used correctly • Correct use of muscles makes lifting, pulling, and pushing easier • Correct application of body mechanics prevents unnecessary fatigue and strain, and saves energy • Correct application of body mechanics prevents injury to self and others

5. Good Body Mechanic Rules • 1. Use a broad base of support. (8-10 inches apart) • 2. Don’t twist and lift. • 3. Don’t bend for long periods of time. • 4. Get help if the load is too heavy. • 5. Bend from the hips and knees, not the waist. • 6. Use the strongest muscles to do the job. • 7. Push or pull using the weight of your body. • 8. Carry objects close to the body.

6. Body Mechanics Video • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zq97LFOSbVI • The number one injury among healthcare workers is back injury.

7. Ergonomics • Applied science used to promote the safety and well-being of a person by adapting the environment and using techniques to prevent injuries • Correct placement of furniture and equipment • Training in required muscle movements • Efforts to avoid repetitive motions • Awareness of the environment to prevent injuries

8. Checkpoint 1 • Get into groups with your row of desks • Each person in the row grab 3-5 textbooks and do the following • Stand on toes with feet close together • Stand on toes with feet shoulder with apart • Stand w/feet flat on floor but touching • Stand w/feet flat on floor but shoulder width and one foot slightly forward • Balance your weight on both feet (This position should feel the most secure to you!!)

9. Checkpoint 2 • Place textbook on the floor • BEND FROM THE HIPS AND KNEES (NOT THE WAIST) AND KEEP YOUR BACK STRAIGHT TO PICK UP THE BOOK. RETURN TO STANDING…

10. Checkpoint 3 • Place book b/t thumb and fingers, but not touching the palm of your hand, and hold your hand straight out in front of your body • Slowly move your hand towards your body, stopping several times to feel the weight of the book in different positions • Finally, hold the book with your entire hand and bring your hand close to your body. • *This position should be the most comfortable • This illustrates the need to carry heavy objects close to your body and to use the strongest muscles to do the job

11. WHAT IS OSHA? The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is required to oversee safety in the workplace. OSHA requires that material safety data sheets (MSDS) be kept on all chemicals handled at a facility.

12. OSHA • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Requires that: • All substances must be labeled • Labels must identify: • physical & health hazards • precaution measures • PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) • directions for using substance safely • storage and disposal information • If a label is missing, do not use the chemical!!! • labels MAY NOT be removed

13. OSHA • A hazardous material is any substance that presents a physical or health hazard. • OSHA requires that employees understand the risks and know how to handle hazardous substances. • Physical hazards can cause fire or explosions. • Health hazards can cause be acute (short) or chronic (long) term.

14. OSHA Requires Employers inform employees of all chemicals and hazards in the workplace • In addition, all manufacturers must provide Material Safety Data Sheets. MSDS provide detailed information about • Product & company identification • Ingredient information • Hazard identification • First aid measures • Fire fighting measures • Accidental release measures • Handling & storage • Exposure controls/ PPE • Stability & reactivity • Employees must know the location of the MSDS and how to use them

16. Bloodborne Pathogen Standard • Protect health care providers from diseases caused by exposure to body fluids • Examples: blood and blood components, urine, stool, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, mucus, and other similar fluids • Diseases contracted from body fluids • Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C • AIDS

17. Bloodborne Pathogen Standards • Employers must: • Exposure control plan to minimize or eliminate employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens • ID employees who have occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens • Provide Hepatitis B vaccine free of charge • Provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Gloves, gowns, lab coats, masks, face shields • Maintain worksite in a clean and sanitary condition and decontaminate infected surfaces properly • Provide color-coded containers (i.e. sharps containers) • Post warning signs where applicable • Provide training to employees

18. OSHA Blood Borne Hazards • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLeTNOVfh8o Questions: • List at least 5 types of blood borne pathogens. • List at least 5 OPIM (other potential infectious material) • List 3 ways BBP can be transmitted • What is the most chronic BBP in the US? • Why was the BBP Standard created? • List 5 careers that are at risk of BBP?

19. Blood Born Pathogens • Hepatitis B, HIV, Malaria, WN Virus, Syphilis • All bodily fluids • Introduced into blood stream, non-intact skin, bites, blisters, wounds, needles • Hepatitis C • Created to protect workers and limit occupational exposure to blood and bodily fluids • Nurse, teacher, tattoo artist, emt, paramedic, home

20. Day 2 January 8, 2018

21. Bell Work • When converting to military time what do you add to each hour column after 12 or noon? • When converting to military time what two items do you delete from civilian time? • Give three good examples of proper body mechanics. • OSHA requires that ____________be kept on all chemicals handled at a facility. It also requires a label on all chemicals. • OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogen Standard was created to protect workers from diseases caused by exposure to body fluids. List 5 bodily fluids that could expose you to disease. • What are the three most common diseases the blood born pathogens is trying to prevent?

22. FIRE Elements of fire • oxygen • heat (a spark or flame) • fuel One of these must be eliminated to extinguish a fire. Fire prevention • storage of flammable materials • maintenance of electrical equipment • non smoking facility

23. Fire Extinguishers • Class A- (pressurized water) • Use on combustibles.For ordinary materials such as paper, cloth, wood, and cardboard. • Class B- (carbon dioxide CO2 ) • Use flammable or combustible liquids. • For gasoline, oil, paint, liquid, cooking fats, etc. • Leaves a powdery, snowlike residue that irritates the skin and eyes. • If water is used on these types of fires, it will spread. • Class C- (dry chemical-contains potassium bicarbonate or potassium chloride). • Use on electrical fires. • For energized electrical equipment such as power tools, appliances, and switches. • Water is particularly dangerous because of the risk of electrical shock. • Class ABC –(graphite-type chemical) • Use on all fires. Multipurpose extinguisher.

24. Fire Extinguishers • Four types (used on) • A – wood, paper, cloth, plastic • B – gas, pain, grease, oil • C – electrical • D– Combustible metals • All fire extinguishers must be serviced yearly by a professional and checked monthly

26. RACE

28. RACE • R-Rescue anyone in immediate danger • A-Activate the Alarm • C-Contain the Fire • E-Extinguish the fire or Evacuate

29. In Case of a Fire • Remain calm • If your safety is in danger, evacuate the area and sound the alarm. • If the fire is small (and you are not in danger) determine what type of fire it is and use the proper extinguisher. • Know your health facility’s fire safety plan • Remove patients from harm • Sound the alarm • Close all doors and windows • Shut off electrical equipment and oxygen • Do NOT use the elevators

30. Rules for Preventing Fire • Obey No Smoking signs • Extinguish matches, cigarettes, and other flammable items completely • Dispose of all waster materials in proper containers • Before using electrical equipment, check for damaged cords or improper grounding. • Avoid overloading electrical outlets. • Store flammable materials in proper containers and in safe areas. If you spill a flammable liquid, wipe it up immediately. • Do not allow clutter to accumulate in rooms, closets, doorways or traffic areas. Make sure nothing is blocking fire exits. • When oxygen is in use, post a No-Smoking – Oxygen in Use sign. Remove all smoking materials from the room.

31. FIRE SAFETY • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktrv34zW7-A

32. SAFETY SCAVENGER HUNT • Exits • Extinguishers • Where is the nearest to this room? • Is the extinguisher charged? (green zone) • Mounted max ht. 60 inches and min. ht. 4 in. • Pull down fire alarms • Flashing alarms • AEDs

34. REVIEW ___________________ is the way in which the body moves and maintains balance while making the most efficient use of all its parts.

35. REVIEW BODY MECHANICS

36. REVIEW What is the applied science used to promote the safety and well-being of a person by adapting the environment and using techniques to prevent injuries?

37. REVIEW Ergonomics

38. REVIEW _______________________ is required to oversee safety in the workplace

39. REVIEW OSHA

40. What does OSHA stand for? • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration

41. REVIEW OSHA requires that ____________be kept on all chemicals handled at a facility.

42. REVIEW material safety data sheets (MSDS)

43. REVIEW When there is a fire, what does RACE stand for?

44. REVIEW • RESCUE • ALARM • CONFINE • EXTINGUISH

45. REVIEW To operate a fire extinguisher, what do you need to do?

46. REVIEW

47. Vocabulary Terms • Nine vocabulary terms on Page 334 in old red book