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Content Analysis for Humanities: Rigor, Design, and Examples

Discover how content analysis, a quantitative and qualitative research method, is used to compare and benchmark media content in the humanities fields. Learn about rigorous coding, design flexibility, and visual and verbal analysis. Explore real-life examples and recommended resources.

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Content Analysis for Humanities: Rigor, Design, and Examples

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  1. Content Analysis WebEx Webinar, Dec. 6, 2018 Erik Bean, Ed.D. Liz Johnston, Ed.D.

  2. Agenda • Overview • Introductions, Liz, Erik • Content Analysis Rigor: Reliability • Content Analysis Design, Quantitative, Qualitative • Examples • Resources • Questions

  3. Overview MOST USED FOR COMPARING OR BENCHMARKG IN MEDIA CONTENT IN THE HUMANITIES FIELDS Often confused as just qualitative research method, content analysis also is quantitative since instances of words, images, measurements, and published pieces, for example, are counted and compared to one another based on size, frequency, prominence (how likely they would be seen by the target audience) and by whatever research question is posed.  Erik and Liz are happy to assist those who may need help in developing a rigorous coding book of definitions which must be in place before any of the research starts. Below are some recommended texts you might find useful too.

  4. Methodologist Introduction:Liz Johnston, Qualitative Content Analysis • I learned content analysis in application • Flexible design-analysis of human communication (often public) • Visual as well as verbal analysis • Very flexible in application • Stands alone • Works with other approaches • Case study

  5. Methodologist Introduction:Erik Bean, Quantitative Content Analysis I was taught content analysis under the tutelage of Stephen Lacy, Ph.D., Michigan State University Professor of Economic journalism, prolific, and noted method author. Much of the success relies on operationalizing key terms and developing a rigorous coding book of study definitions. Used in journalism, social sciences when documenting size, prominence, and instances

  6. Content Analysis- Design and advantages • Flexible design- analysis of human communication (often public) • Visual as well as verbal analysis • Stands alone • Works with other approaches • Case study

  7. Content Analysis: Quantitative Bean, E. (2017). An academy customer experience benchmark observation. Internet Learning Journal, 5(1), 17-31. Bean, E. (2015). Assessing the degree of homogeneous online teaching textbook Infancy from 1999 to 2007 using the immediacy principle. Internet Learning Journal, 4(1). 88-125. Bean, E, Johnston, E., Rominger, R. (2019). Proposed use of prominence in qualitative research.  The Qualitative Report 10th Annual Conference, Teaching and Learning Qualitative Research, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, Jan. 11-13, 2019. Accepted.

  8. Content Analysis Qualitative Johnston, E., Rasmusson, X., Foyil, B., & Shopland P., (2017) Witnesses to transformation: Family member experiences providing individualized music to their relatives with dementia. Cogent Education. Taylor and Francis Publishing http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2017.1362888 Hartman, R., Johnston, E., & Hill, M., Empathetic design: A sustainable approach to school change. Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Educationhttp://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1089/2385

  9. Content Analysis-Qualitative Johnston, E., Olivas, G., Steele, P., Smith, C., & Bailey, L. (2018). Exploring pedagogical foundations of existing Virtual Reality educational applications: A content analysis study. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 46(4), 414-439. doi:10.1177/0047239517745560

  10. Content Analysis Qualitative Steele, P., Johnston, E., Lawlor, A., Smith, C., & Lamppa, S. (2018) Arts-Based instructional and curricular strategies for working with Virtual Educational applications. Journal of Educational Technology Systems. https://doi-org.contentproxy.phoenix.edu/10.1177/0047239518803286

  11. Content Analysis Qualitative Johnston, E. A., Olivas, G. W., Steele, P., Smith, C., & Bailey, L. W. (2019). Virtual Reality pedagogical considerations in learning environments. In M. Boboc, & S. Koç (Eds.), Student-Centered virtual learning environments in higher education(pp. 21-39). Hershey, PA: IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-5769-2.ch002

  12. Resources Creswell, J. W., Clark, V. L., Gutmann, M. L., & Hanson, W. E. (2003). Advanced mixed methods research designs. In A. Tashakkori & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of mixed method research in social and behavioral research (pp. 209-240). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Mayring, P. (2000) Qualitative Content Analysis. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, [S.l.], v. 1, n. 2, june 2000. ISSN 1438-5627.

  13. Resources Stepchenkova, S., Kirilenko, A.,   Morrison, A. Facilitating Content Analysis in Tourism Research. SAGE Secondary Data Analysis. SAGE Publications Ltd. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.

  14. Questions? Content Analysis Method Dr. Erik Bean (Quantitative Content Analysis) deadline@email.phoenix.edu Dr. Liz Johnston (Qualitative Content Analysis)ljohnston@email.phoenix.edu

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