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Some New Allotropes

=>. Some New Allotropes. Fullerenes: 5- and 6-membered rings arranged to form a “soccer ball” structure. Nanotubes: half of a C 60 sphere fused to a cylinder of fused aromatic rings. Common Names of Benzene Derivatives. =>. Disubstituted Benzenes.

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Some New Allotropes

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  1. => Some New Allotropes Fullerenes: 5- and 6-membered rings arranged to form a “soccer ball” structure. Nanotubes: half of a C60 sphere fused to a cylinder of fused aromatic rings.

  2. Common Names of Benzene Derivatives =>

  3. Disubstituted Benzenes The prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- are commonly used for the 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4- positions, respectively. =>

  4. 3 or More Substituents Use the smallest possible numbers, but the carbon with a functional group is #1. =>

  5. Common Names forDisubstituted Benzenes =>

  6. Phenyl and Benzyl Phenyl indicates the benzene ring attachment. The benzyl group has an additional carbon. =>

  7. Physical Properties Melting points: More symmetrical than corresponding alkane, pack better into crystals, so higher melting points. Boiling points: Dependent on dipole moment, so ortho > meta > para, for disubstituted benzenes. Density: More dense than nonaromatics, less dense than water. Solubility: Generally insoluble in water. =>

  8. IR and NMR Spectroscopy C=C stretch absorption at 1600 cm-1. sp2 C-H stretch just above 3000 cm-1. 1H NMR at 7-8 for H’s on aromatic ring. 13C NMR at 120-150, similar to alkene carbons. =>

  9. Mass Spectrometry => =>

  10. UV Spectroscopy =>

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