John Ferrell Office of the Biomass Program May 14, 2007

1. Biological and Environmental Research Advisory CommitteeReport on DOE’s Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Biomass Program John Ferrell Office of the Biomass Program May 14, 2007

2. Enabling Legislation • Biomass R&D Act of 2000 (http://www.brdisolutions.com/default.aspx) • Interagency coordination of biomass efforts, specifically between DOE and USDA • Annual DOE/USDA joint solicitation • Creation of the Biomass R&D Technical Advisory Committee and Interagency Board • 2002 Farm Bill - Energy Title (Sections 9006 & 9008) • Energy Policy Act of 2005

3. Program Drivers – Recent Energy Initiatives • Advanced Energy Initiative • Reduce dependence on foreign sources of oil by addressing how we power our automobiles and homes • Make cellulosic ethanol cost competitive by 2012 • Includes vehicle efficiency and solar components (i.e. Solar America Initiative) • 20 in 10 • Increase supply of renewable and alternative fuels • Set Alternative Fuels Standard (AFS) at 35 billion gallons per year by 2017 • 5X the current Renewable Fuels Standard for 2012 • 15% of projected annual gasoline use in 2017 • Increase vehicle efficiency • Reform and modernize CAFÉ • 5% of projected annual gasoline use in 2017

4. DOE SC and EERE Working Together U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Joint plan PULL OBER Science & Research Infrastructure Bioenergy Centers OBP Technology Transfer Core Applied Science Multi Year Program Plan Industry Commercialization Biomass to Biofuels 30 x 30 20 in 10 Modified from C Weatherwax, DOE SC

5. New Domestic Bioindustry • PRODUCTS • Fuels: • Ethanol • Renewable Diesel • Renewable Gasoline • Hydrogen • Power: • Electricity • Heat (co-generation) • Chemicals • Plastics • Solvents • Chemical Intermediates • Phenolics • Adhesives • Furfural • Fatty acids • Acetic Acid • Carbon black • Paints • Dyes, Pigments, and Ink • Detergents • Etc. • Food, Feed and Fiber Biomass Feedstock Conversion Processes • Trees • Grasses • Agricultural Crops • Agricultural Residues • Forest Residues • Animal Wastes • Municipal Solid Waste • - Enzymatic Fermentation • - Gas/liquid Fermentation • - Acid Hydrolysis/Fermentation • Gasification • Pyrolysis • - Combustion • - Co-firing

6. Unique Role of Biomass While the growing need for sustainable electric power can be met by other renewables… Biomass is our only renewable source of carbon-based fuels and chemicals

7. Biomass Resource Base USDA/DOE Billion Ton Vision Paper • Land resources of the U.S. can sustainably supply more than 1.3 billion dry tons annually and still continue to meet food, feed, and export demands • Realizing this potential will require R&D, policy change, stakeholder involvement • Required changes are not unreasonable given current trends • Should be sufficient to replace 30% of current US petroleum requirements

8. GIS Environmental Analysis November temperature Estimated crop moisture at harvest/collection Field moisture Stover at <18% db moisture November humidity November wind

9. Biorefinery - “The Path Forward” Pathways represent possible homes for deployment of new technology Three major areas: • Existing Corn Ethanol Industry • Emerging Industry for Residues • New Bioenergy Crops

10. Office of the Biomass Program – Reducing Barriers • Barriers • High cost of enzymatic conversion • Inadequate technology for producing ethanol from sugars derived from cellulosic biomass • Limitations of thermochemical conversion processes • Demonstration/integration of technology in biorefineries • Inadequate distribution infrastructure for expanding markets • Solutions • R&D to improve effectiveness and reduce costs of enzymatic conversion • R&D on advanced micro-organisms for fermentation of sugars • Re-establish thermochemical conversion as a second path to success • Fund loan guarantees, Section 932 biorefinery demonstrations, and 10% scale validation projects • Form interagency infrastructure team and Regional Feedstock Partnerships The expertise of the national laboratories and cutting-edge industrial partners is helping to solve major challenges to domestic biofuels.

11. Demo-scale Testing of Best Biomass Conversion Technology Funded by DOE

12. DOE Funds Diverse Ethanologen Development

13. Open & Upcoming Solicitations • 10% Validation Solicitation: One-tenth to one-fifth of the projected scale of a first-commercial facility • Announced May 1, 2007 • Integrated biorefinery demonstrations using cellulosic feedstocks and producing a combination of fuels, chemicals, and substitutes for petroleum-based feedstocks and products • Enzyme Solicitation: Second phase of cellulase development collaborations with cost-sharing industry partners. • Expected to be announced in FY07 • Create commercially available, highly effective & inexpensive enzyme systems for biomass hydrolysis • Thermochemical Conversion Solicitation: Integration of gasification and catalyst development • Expected to be announced in FY07

14. For more information… • Office of the Biomass Program Website: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/ • John Ferrell: • John.ferrell@ee.doe.gov • 202-586-6745