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Jesus: The Messiah of the Prophets

Jesus: The Messiah of the Prophets. Prayer of the Week Isaiah 2. 3 Many peoples will come and say,

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Jesus: The Messiah of the Prophets

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  1. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Jesus: The Messiah of the Prophets

  2. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Prayer of the WeekIsaiah 2 3Many peoples will come and say, “Come, let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the temple of the God of Jacob. He will teach us his ways, so that we may walk in his paths.” The law will go out from Zion, the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. 4 He will judge between the nations and will settle disputes for many peoples. They will beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation will not take up sword against nation, nor will they train for war anymore. 5 Come, descendants of Jacob, let us walk in the light of the LORD.

  3. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Patron Saint of the WeekSaint Benedict Who is Saint Benedict? • Founder of Benedictines; • Patron of Europe; and of western monasticism • Compiled monastic rule of life that has lasted over 1500 years in practice; • Rule is grounded in psalms and in New Testament

  4. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Red Letter Points • Who is St. Benedict? • Who was Isaiah and when did he live? When was his book written? • Give some historical background for first Isaiah. • What does the Lord think (in Isaiah 1) about offerings made to Him by His people? Why? What does He demand instead? • How is Jerusalem like Sodom and Gomorrah? Why is it a shocking insult to call Jerusalem “Sodom” or “Gomorrah”? • How is Jerusalem different from Sodom & Gomorrah? Why does Isaiah call it a “booth in a vineyard, a hut in a melon patch”? • What are the consequences of Israel’s sins “like scarlet” in Isaiah 1? What is the promise for their obedience? • What are some Christian themes in Isaiah 1?

  5. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Who was Isaiah and when did he live? When was his book written? • Answer is extremely complex • Book seen as three parts, from three different times • (Isaiah 1, 2, 3 or “proto-Isaiah”; “deutero-Isaiah”; “trito-Isaiah”) • Original author is Isaiah the prophet, from 8th century B.C. • Later authors, in Isaian “school” from 6th and 5th centuries • Some prophecies from 8th c. Assyrian conquests and attacks • Some prophecies from near end or end of 6th c. Babylonian exile

  6. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings First Isaiah - history Give some historical background for first Isaiah. • Tilgath-Pilaser III (Assyrian) conquers northern kingdom of Israel (722BC) • Isaiah foresees these conquests; Lord’s protection of Jerusalem & Judah • Sennacherib fails to conquer Jerusalem (701 BC) • King Hezekiah survives; plague hits Assyrians and they withdraw • Isaiah rejects alliances with Egyptians or vassal status with Assyrians (Is 37) • Rely on God only; purify religion; clear monotheistic vision in deutero-Isaiah Tilgath-Pilaser III Sennacherib

  7. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Divided Kingdom • Israel (northern kingdom, fell in 722BC) • Judah (southern kingdom, fell in 586BC)

  8. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Great Isaiah Scroll (4th-2nd century B.C.?)Qumran

  9. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Isaiah 1 What does the Lord think about offerings made to Him by His people? Why? What does He demand instead? • He is tired of them; will close His eyes to them; will not listen • He is angered by the injusticeand sinfulness of His people • He demands justice (for “orphan” and “widow”), and that His people should “learn to do good” • Isaiah, in brief, blames Israel’s woes on its rejection of the Lord and failure to rely truly on Him.

  10. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Isaiah 1 How is Jerusalem like Sodom and Gomorrah? Why is it a shocking insult to call Jerusalem “Sodom” or “Gomorrah”? • Sodom and Gomorrah were famously sinful cities that were destroyed by the Lord because of their wickedness. • Jerusalem too is under threat for the same reason, as it has rejected goodness and the will of the Lord • It is a shocking insult to link Jerusalem to Sodom or Gomorrah, since it is the place of the Lord’s temple, the center of worship of the Lord, and should be alight to the peoples • It is an indication of how far God’s people have turned from where they should be as His chosen.

  11. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Isaiah 1 How is Jerusalem different from Sodom & Gomorrah? Why does Isaiah call it a “booth in a vineyard, a lodge in a cucumber field”? • God has left them a remnant – “a few survivors” (an important theme in Isaiah) – a portion is left • Though Judah and Jerusalem is under siege, the city remains safe within its walls, only due to the Lord’s continued protection. • It stands out amidst the conquered waste surrounding it, like a booth in a field.

  12. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Isaiah 1 What are the consequences of Israel’s sins “like scarlet”? What is the promise for their obedience? • To “eat” or “be eaten”: eat the “good of the land” if they repent; or be eaten “by the sword” is they remain in their sins • Isaiah predicts what will happen at the hands of their enemy (Sennacherib) if they do not turn to the Lord. • Ultimately, Isaiah predicts a restoration in righteousness

  13. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Christian prophetic themes in Isaiah 1 What are some Christian themes in Isaiah 1? • A rebellious and sinful people, we have rejected God and His laws; • Our world, our existence, has been affected by our sinfulness and we suffer from it; • Our feeble efforts to appease God are self-serving and hypocritical • God desires for us to set things right with Him, and they will be if we turn to Him • What applied in Isaiah’s specific moment in history also applies more generally over all human history.

  14. Christian Doctrine 1 / Dr. Billings Jesus: The Messiah of the ProphetsIsaiah(end 10a)

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