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RIB production with SPIRAL 2

C. D. 1+. n+. UCx. IS. ECR. RIB production with SPIRAL 2. Versatile and evolutive Fission fragments with D beam Goal > 10 13 fissions/s fusion-evaporation with heavy ions Basic configuration :

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RIB production with SPIRAL 2

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  1. C D 1+ n+ UCx IS ECR RIB production with SPIRAL 2 Versatile and evolutive Fission fragments with D beam Goal > 1013 fissions/sfusion-evaporation with heavy ions Basic configuration :  Fission fragments produced by n-induced fission Converter d-n with a carbon wheel UCx fissile target - low or high density (Gatchina) Possibility to couple different ions sources (1+) 1+/n+ (charge breeder) approach Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  2. n d UCx d,3,4He,... UCx Fission yields with converter ... 4.5 mA 1013 f/s=2.3g/cm2 V=240cm3 5 mA 5.1013 f/s=11g/cm2 V=240cm3 5 mA 2.1014 f/s=11g/cm2 V=1000cm36kW (limit) Fission of 239U Ex= 20 MeV 40 MeV deuteron, 5 mA  200 kW dissipation in the converter without converter ... 0.15mA 5.1012 f/s6kW Fission of 240Pu,... Ex≥ 50 MeV acces to a wider mass region Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  3. Fission yields (low density and with converter) d (40 MeV, 4.3 mA) + C + UC (2.3 g/cm3, 363 g) on target x 10-2 - 10-3 towards experiment Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  4. Example : production from D beam  Sn isotopes D 4 mA on C with UCx lowdensity target (1013 fissions/s). UCx target IS Efficiencies for Sn isotopesM.G. Saint-Laurent T1/2 (s)Diff.Eff.-tEff.-tube1+1+/n+ Acc. Total 132 40 0.31 0.83 0.99 0.3 0.04 0.5 1.5e-3 133 1.4 0.065 0.16 0.86 0.3 0.04 0.5 5.4e-5 Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  5. p,d,…,HI Thick target Thin target HI separator Production from Heavy Ion Beams Primary Heavy Ion beams at 14.5 A.MeV of 1 mA, up to Ar  neutron deficient RIB Fusion-evaporation and transfer reactions residues produced by thick target method (like ISOL@GSI) example 58Ni + 50Cr 100Sn 1+~1 pps Spectroscopy of N=Z A≈100  neutron rich RIB Fusion-evaporation residues produced by thin target method (In-Flight) example 28Ni + 58Mg 80Zr 1+~ 3 x 104 pps Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  6. 3. N=Z 5. Transfermiums In-flight (Z=106, 108) 4. Fusion reaction with exotic beam Regions of the nuclear chart covered by ... 1. Fission products 2. High Ex fission products Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  7. Target & Ion Source : the Plug solution rotating C wheel 2 m concrete  dose rate < 7.5 Sv/h primary beam (deuterons) Plug housing C converter and UCx target dose rate 32 Sv/h at 1 m and 34 mSv/h after 1 year exotic beam Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  8. Detail of the rotating wheel UC2 target Ti support R = 385 mm Beam size: 10 x 25 mm Carbon « standard » First study Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  9. DRIVER 14.5 A.MeV ions 40 MeV deuterons Source Injector Linear accelerator • Must be an evolutive and versatile machine • Optimised for q/A=1/3 ions and must accelerate D+(q/A=1/2) • No stripper, to make a direct profit of the ECR sources evolutions for heavy ions, as far as beam energy is concerned • 1mA for ions (up to Argon) and 5 mA for deuterons • Injector: RFQ with a 100% Duty Cycle Exit Energy: 0.75 A.MeV - 1.5 A.MeV (according to the frequency) • LINAC: Independant Phase Superconducting Cavities based on QWRs and/or HWRs up to 40 MeV or 14.5 A.MeV Frequency : 88 MHz and 176 MHz or 176 MHz for the whole linac gradient ~ 6-8 MV/m ( = Vacc /   ) ~ 30-40 resonators Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  10. Main driver components Deuteron Source ex. SILHI-type(permanent magnets) QWR Argonne example of ACCEL cryostat(4 cavities, 2 solenoids) SC Solenoid + steering coils+ active screening RFQ (Cu plated SS version) Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  11. SERSE at LNS (14-18 GHz) PHOENIX (28 GHz) Primary Sources R&D  deuterons (5 mA) : “downgrade” of SILHI source or micro-phoenix or ...  heavy ions q/A=1/3 (1 mA) cw mode, voltage = 60 kV,  < 200  mm mrad state-of-the-art : 18O6+ 1 mA 36Ar12+ 0.2 mA  High Frequency & high B 1. A fully superconducting ECRIS (close to the GYROSERSE project) Bmax = 4 T; Brad = 3 T; large ECR zone, F = 28 GHz, and possibly above 2. A compact source, with lower magnetic field & higher power density (A-PHOENIX) technology based on HTS coils and permanent magnets Bmax = 3 T; Brad= 1.6 T Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  12. Low Energy Beam Transfer (LEBT) Goal : to transport and to match and 2 types of beam to RFQ with very low loss energy : 20keV/n D+ (5 mA, 40kV)q/A=1/3 (1mA, 60kV) Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  13. Linac architecture • Beam Dynamics studies determine the optimal choice of • linac frequency • resonator types • transition energies (RFQ output, geometric betas) • Nb of resonators / cryostat, etc ... and should also accelerate heavier ions (q/A~1/6) 2 options : 88/176 MHz or 176 MHz for the whole linac pro’s and con’s 88 MHz requires QWRs  easier fabrication and cleaning but dipole fields only partially compensated 176 MHz only  only HWRs could be used but more dissipation in the RFQ, requires higher RFQ output energy Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  14. Different technological solutions for the RFQ 4-rod RFQ, IH-type RFQ cheaper but low-frequency IAP Frankfurt 4-vane RFQ cw operation & high transmission classical brazed Cu 88 or 176 MHz Cu plated SS 88 MHz separated functions 88 MHz with rf joints 88 or 176 MHz Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  15. Phase space at the RFQ output Ex.88 MHz 4-vane Length = 5m Energy = 0.75 A.MeV aperture = 8 - 10 mm vane voltage = 100-113 kVModulation 1-2 Transmission99,95% (1/2) 99,93% (1/3) 1/3 1/2 Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  16. Resonators Legnaro-typeQWR Argonne_type QWR and HWR(with field asymmetry compensation) ~ 40 resonators at 6 MV/m ~ 30 resonators at 8 MV/m Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  17. Beam dynamics in the SC linac • 2 essential rules to avoid dilution + beam loss : • phase advance < 90° • long. & trans. matching between tanks •  favours large Nb cavities / tank • solenoid instead of quad focusing • 1 solenoid / cavity at low energy to keep • the beam size < the cavity aperture (30 mm max) • Bz < 7-8 T to keep • classical technology • NbTi SC solenoid phase advance too large ! Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  18. Schematic lay-out (1) RFQ CIME Q/A= 1/3ion source DeuteronSource Separator charge breeder 1+ / N+ SC LINAC Fission fragments <6 MeV/nucléon Deuteron 40 MeV Heavy ions 15 MeV/u Low energy RIB Target-Sourcesystem Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  19. Schematic lay-out (2) post-accelerator CIME Low energy RIB stable heavy ions Injection to CIME ECR Sources(d and q/A=1/3 ions) SC LINAC 40 MeV and 14.5AMeV RFQ F. Daudin Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  20. GANIL expansion Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  21. Time schedule APD ~ 2 years Nov 2004 Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  22. Long-term future (1) can be used as a post-accelerator with future upgrade in energy Driver light (heavy) ions Energy upgrade SPIRAL 2 Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

  23. Long-term future (2) or can be used as the low energy part of a future high energy driver postaccelerator production Energy upgrade SPIRAL 2 Rencontre de Moriond, 17-22 March

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