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First meeting of the IDB Euro Latin Research Network

First meeting of the IDB Euro Latin Research Network. Some Research Questions : Poverty and Labor Markets in Latin America Jaime Saavedra (GRADE). Poverty and the Labor Market. Income of the poor come mainly from labor income

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First meeting of the IDB Euro Latin Research Network

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  1. First meeting of the IDB Euro Latin Research Network Some Research Questions : Poverty and Labor Markets in Latin America Jaime Saavedra (GRADE)

  2. Poverty and the Labor Market • Income of the poor come mainly from labor income • Reduction of poverty is linked to the possibility of having a good job and being able to perform in a good job

  3. Issues on Education • Years of schooling are low , but both years and schooling attainment have increased during the last decades • But there is a lack of correlation between growth and education. Is there a role of quality of education in explaining this? • Quality is low and heterogeneous

  4. Research questions on education • Relation between educational quality heterogeneity and income inequality • What is happening with fiscal efforts? • Which is the appropiate structure of financing the provision of educational services • How to use resources efficiently? • Need of randomized experiments

  5. Poverty , education and safety nets • Effect of shocks over human capital accumulation • How do households adjust?

  6. Skills of the labor force • There seems to be an increase in demand, is it technology? Or again, may it be related to changes in quality? • Need for permanent retraining of labor force: how to finance? How to provide the right incentives? How to ensure hogh quality standards?

  7. Poverty and rural labor markets • Half of poverty is rural • Why do families diversify towards non agricultural activities? • To reduce vulnerability • As a strategy to move out of poverty? • Change in demographics in rural areas , what are the implications for social security and safety net projects?

  8. Informal Sector • Self-employed vs. Micro-entrepreneurs • What are the implications of the characterization of the sector of labor policy and labor market reforms? • What determines the size distribution of firms? • What type of firms should be supported by public programs (micro credit, technical assistance) and under which rationale?

  9. Quality of jobs • Role of labor legislation, human resources practices and industrial relations • Social benefits are linked to employment , should they? • Increase in turnover and in earnings instability • Labor market reforms: what has really happened? • Many degrees and types of flexibilization • Very difficult to generalize • Need to learn more about sustainability of reforms

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