Indicators of Exposure to Known and Suspected Carcinogens in the Environment

1. Indicators of Exposure to Known and Suspected Carcinogens in the Environment Data Priorities and Recommendations Karla Poplawski, Eleanor Setton, Perry Hystad, Roz Cheasley, Alejandro Cervantes-Larios, Alison Palmer May 29, 2014 Public Health 2014, Toronto, ON

2. Overview • Introduction to environmental approach and risk indicators; • Overview data priority assessment framework and results; • Discuss high data priorities and recommendations.

3. CAREX Environmental Approach • Indicators of exposure – Lifetime Excess Cancer Risk • 33 known or suspected carcinogens • 5 environmental pathways: Outdoor Air, Indoor Air, Indoor Dust Drinking Water, Food & Beverages

4. CAREX Environmental Approach Indicator: Potential Lifetime Excess Cancer Risk How many extra cancers in a population of 1 million people compared to a population that is not exposed National average and maximum risk, based on actual measured data for each substance & exposure pathway (circa 2006)

5. Data Priority Assessment

6. Data Priority Assessment

7. Drinking Water Data • Treated Water Local government jurisdiction, lack of standard substances tested, differences in analytical methods, no national database • Privately Sourced (wells or surface water) Sent by individuals for lab testing, results may not be reported to local jurisdictions

8. Drinking Water Recommendations Improve access to data on measured levels in treated and privately sourced drinking water: • Treated Water Synthesis measured levels of standard list of substances into publicly available national (or provincial) database or reports • Privately Sourced (wells or surface water) Anonymize lab results and publicize to increase understanding of exposure levels of those not served by municipal systems

9. Food & Beverages Data • Lack of standardization in food lists between studies Canada & US do not collect measured levels in conjunction with amount consumed, studies on each component do not use comparable food lists

10. Food & Beverages Recommendations Enhance integration of existing data collection efforts (to include dietary intake and analysis of foods eaten) for a standard set of substances

11. Outdoor Air Data • Diesel Engine Exhaust Coarse estimate, potentially high number of Canadians exposed • Asbestos Rarely measured in Canada, US data suggests detectable and higher in urban areas

12. Outdoor Air Recommendations • Diesel Engine Exhaust Refine estimates with traffic data, targeted monitoring • Asbestos National survey in urban areas, target areas known to be influenced

13. Indoor Air Data • Diesel Engine Exhaust No information available, estimates assume infiltration indoors • Asbestos Rarely measured in Canada, US data show increased risk

14. Indoor Air Recommendations • Diesel Engine Exhaust Improve outdoor estimates and residential proximity analyses, collect information in effectiveness of filters in housing types • Asbestos Monitoring study of buildings known to be contaminated, those remediated, and newer buildings, also indoor & outdoor urban/rural homes, and near contaminated sites

15. Consumer Products Data • Lack of concentration and use frequency for consumer products No system in place to allow ongoing and comprehensive exposure surveillance for standard set of substances & products

16. Consumer Products Recommendations Establish reporting system for substances in consumer products, i.e. require manufacturers to report concentration levels in products, explore ways to work with retailers/market survey companies to track frequency of use statistics

17. Conclusions • Priorities based on judgment of CAREX staff, and apply nationally. Different priorities may exist regionally or locally, depending on sources or data not available to CAREX. • Substances identified as “not priority” for data collection may be priorities for exposure reduction. • Recommendations are suggestions; feasibility of implementation has not been assessed.