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1 st Semester Review Topics. American History. The Civil War. North vs South; Yankees vs. Rebels; Union vs Confederates Mason-Dixon Line; Ohio River Economic Differences (factories vs. slave labor) Abraham Lincoln vs. Jefferson Davis Emancipation Proclamation Gettysburg Address
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1st Semester Review Topics American History
The Civil War • North vs South; Yankees vs. Rebels; Union vs Confederates • Mason-Dixon Line; Ohio River • Economic Differences (factories vs. slave labor) • Abraham Lincoln vs. Jefferson Davis • Emancipation Proclamation • Gettysburg Address • Fort Sumter, Bull Run…..Appomattox Courthouse
Reconstruction • Issues to discuss: • Amnesty • Oath of Loyalty • Purpose- unify the country again • “to build again” • Amendments- 13, 14, 15 • Newly freed slaves needed citizenship rights, voting rights, freedom explicitly given
Settling the West • Homestead Act 1862- free land after 5 yrs • Dawes Act- land given to Native Americas to discourage nomadic lifestyle • Transcontinental Railroad • Union Pacific: Omaha, NE to Promontory Summit, UT • Central Pacific: Sacramento, CA to Promontory, UT • Supplies to the West, ranch/farm products to East • Communications needed- telegraph along tracks • Increased lumber and steel demand • Mining- Boom/Bust cycle • Population shift to West- new states added • Provided natural resources needed in industry back East
Industrialization • Increased supply of immigrant workers/laborers • Capital available for equipment purchases • Inventions fueled growth of industry • Uses for electricity, lighting, telephones, gasoline engine • Robber Barons or Captains of Industry? • Oil- Rockefeller Steel- Carnegie • Unions/Strikes- why? • Transportation improvements
Immigration • New immigration patterns • More from Eastern and Southern Europe • Height of immigration- 1904 • Processing centers- Ellis and Angel Islands • Population shift- rural to urban • Overcrowded cities; tenements/sanitation… • Skyscrapers/street cars/suburbs
Progressive Era • Corruption in government • Elected officials not serving ALL public’s needs • Ex: William “Boss” Tweed • Spoils System- Pendelton Civil Service Act • Revealing corruption- forcing change • Muckrakers • Federal Reserve Act 1913 • Environmental destruction/National Parks
Imperialism • Alaska • Hawaii • Spanish American War • Motivations • Military needs • Economic needs- more markets, more resources • Cultural Superiority • Panama Canal- military and economic • Anti-Imperialist League
World War I • MAIN • Immediate cause- assassination • Allied Powers/Central Powers • Propaganda • Western Front • Bolshevik/Russian Revolution • Lusitania/Zimmermann Telegram • 14 Points/League of Nations • New Political Map of Europe- empires gone