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Credit Guarantees-Session III. Alain Ize. What justifies public guarantees: Stiglitz-Weiss or Arrow-Lind?. Playing safe or making a difference? Which risk to target?. Nigeria’s ACGF. The scheme seems to be dysfunctional: Heavily subsidized...
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Credit Guarantees-Session III Alain Ize
What justifies public guarantees: Stiglitz-Weiss or Arrow-Lind?
Nigeria’s ACGF • The scheme seems to be dysfunctional: • Heavily subsidized... • The forty percent loss rate undermines discipline?... • Yet, guarantees remain unpaid? • Can it be salvaged through better design and implementation? • Or is it simply the wrong tool? (poor structural returns cannot be addressed through guarantees) • The paper needs to go back to basics: • Basic description of scheme’s design and history • Basic statistics (adjusted for inflation) • Basic cost-benefit analysis
Italy’s SGS • Does the scheme make more political than economic sense? • Subsidy-light scheme (non actuarially adjusted premia) • But is there too much risk hedging? • Is the Italian SME sector large because it is well financed?... • Increasing orientation towards MGIs seems to make sense • Well designed analysis but: • Is the control group really comparable? (profits) • Have the beneficiaries produced more economic value (employment, growth, investment, etc.)?... • …or has the increased bank debt been simply offset by a reduction in other forms of financing?
Chile’s FOGADE • The scheme is clearly new wave: • Non-subsidized, risk-adjusted premia… • Auctions should further enhance efficiency • Interesting analysis but some key issues unanswered: • Guarantees clearly matter in some sectors (more guarantees induce more loans)… • …but how much, we do not really know... • The paper makes interesting points about the lack of correlation between ex-post risk and guarantees… • …but there are other (perhaps more plausible) explanations: • Unexpected risk does not show up (yet?...) in the data • Banks are unwilling to stick the expected risk to FOGADE (risk adjusted premia + big brother superintendent watching) • Benefits of guarantees is regulatory and independent of risk (at least in the non insurance intensive sectors)