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The Biological explanation of gender

The Biological explanation of gender. Lesson Objectives. By the end of this lesson you will understand: Typical sex chromosome patterns Atypical sex chromosome patterns Dabbs et al (1995). Biological explanations.

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The Biological explanation of gender

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  1. The Biological explanation of gender

  2. Lesson Objectives By the end of this lesson you will understand: • Typical sex chromosome patterns • Atypical sex chromosome patterns • Dabbs et al (1995)

  3. Biological explanations Biopsychologists assume that all gender differences are totally attributed to chromosomal differences, differences in brain structure & function and differences in hormonal activity.

  4. The normal human body contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. Each pair of chromosomes carries genes that control different characteristics. Biological sex is determined by the 23rd pair. So females have the genotype XX and males the genotype XY. Biological explanations

  5. Atypical sex-chromosomes • Any combination of sex chromosomes other than XX or XY is seen as atypical. • Klinefelter’s and Turner’s syndrome are examples of conditions which result from atypical sex chromosome conditions.

  6. Klinefelter Syndrome

  7. Turner syndrome

  8. Atypcial Chromosomes

  9. Atypical Chromosomes • What does studying people with atypical sex chromosome patterns allow us to conclude what about gender?

  10. Atypical Chromosomes It provides evidence that our biological makeup is responsible for gender-related behaviour. For example, by comparing someone with typical chromosomes to someone with atypical chromosomes you can make clear comparisons what aspects of their behaviour have a genetic cause. Studies to support: Imperato mc Ginley et al (1979) Money and Erhardt (1972)

  11. Chromosomes • Give the typical sex chromosome pattern for the following: a male a female (2 marks)

  12. Exam questions Q. Identify one atypical sex chromosome pattern and outline how it might affect an individual. (3 marks)

  13. Past papers Victoria is five years old and she is different from other girls of her age. She is smaller in height and has a webbed neck. At school, her teachers have commented that she has good verbal skills but her mathematical skills are poor. Medical tests have revealed that Victoria has a sex chromosome pattern XO. • Name the atypical sex chromosome syndrome described above. (1 mark) Q. Identify how Victoria’s sex chromosome pattern differs from that of most girls. (1 mark) • Explain how studying people like Victoria can contribute to our understanding Of gender. (2 marks)

  14. Summary • What three things have you learned today…. Q Name one sex hormone and give an example of how this hormone might affect a person’s behaviour. (2 marks) Discuss biological explanations of gender development. Refer to at least one study in your answer. (10 marks)

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