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Unit 9 Grammar

Unit 9 Grammar. Compound nouns. Compound nouns are made up of more than one word. There are three categories of compound nouns. 1. Compound nouns as one word: doorknob, homeroom. 2. Compound nouns with a hyphen: great-grandmother, runner-up.

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Unit 9 Grammar

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  1. Unit 9 Grammar

  2. Compound nouns • Compound nouns are made up of more than one word.

  3. There are three categories of compound nouns • 1. Compound nouns as one word: doorknob, homeroom. • 2. Compound nouns with a hyphen: great-grandmother, runner-up. • Two or more words that need to be together to express the idea: dining room, motion picture.

  4. Rules for plural compound nouns. • For one word compound nouns • 1. Add s to the word: necklaces, leftovers • 2. Add es to words that end in ch, sh, s or x : matchboxes. • There are some exceptions in english but this is a general rule.

  5. Rules for plural compound nouns. • For hyphenated words and more than one word: • make the most important or logical word plural: Mothers-in-law, runners-up, • music boxes, dining rooms

  6. 9.3 possessive nouns • A possessive noun names who or what owns or has something. • Hannah’s riddle is very interesting. • The teachers’ lunches were very delicious. • ’ (why is this placed differently?)

  7. There are rules for the spelling and conjugation of possessive nouns. • For singular nouns add an ’s: • A girl’s coat. A cat’s bed. Alexis’s homework. • ’(an apostrophe) • :)---- a smily face • ::::) ------ A happy spider

  8. RULES (continued) • Plural nouns ending in S , add an apostrophe • boys’ shoes, the families’ children

  9. (Rules) continued. • For plural nouns not ending in s, add an apostrophe and s. • Children’s toys, women’s rights. • (note that the apostrophe placement is different )

  10. Classwork • Please start the grammar exercises for 9.1/9.2. What you don’t finish is Homework.

  11. Telling the difference between plurals, possessives and contractions • plural nouns don’t have apostrophes. • EX: Thestudentstalked in class. • Plural possessive nouns end in an apostrophe. • The Students’ hands shot up when Mr. d asked: “does anyone have any questions?” • Singular possessive nounsend with an apostrophe and an s • EX: The student’sipad made Mr. D sad he wasn’t playing angry birds. • ( Does anyone see both capitalization errors?)

  12. Okay Mr. D , then what the heck is a contraction? • A contraction is a word made by combining two words into one by leaving out one or more of the letters. (usually a form of the verb: To be, or one verb and the verb “not” ) • EX: I am going to the store • Contraction: I’m going to the store. • EX2: He will not turn in his homework. • Contraction: He won’t turn in his homework.

  13. Contractions continued. • The pattern of contraction for verbs and the negative adverb not is very regular in most instances. You first right the contraction, then the n of not, then an apostrophe, followed by the tof not. This is true for all of the following examples: isn’t, aren’t, wasn’t, weren’t, hasn’t, haven’t, hadn’t, can’t, couldn’t, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t, mayn’t, mightn’t, shouldn’t, wouldn’t, mustn’t, oughtn’t, daren’t, and needn’t.

  14. Collective nouns • Collective nouns are plural nouns that don’t end in S • Committee, audience, swarm, club, family, team.

  15. Collective nouns • Tricky rule: If you are speaking about everyone in the group the verb is singular. • EX: the entire audience applauds the performers (the audience is one unit, singular. “entire” lets us know that everyone is doing it) • If you are referring to individual members of that group you use the plural from of that verb: • The audience take their seats. (because they have individual seats, you use the plural form of the verb, “take”)

  16. Wait, Mr. D I’m still confused. • So if the collective noun is doing something together, use the singular form of the verb: • EX: The family begins its trip. (Everyone in the family is doing this together) • But if members of the collective noun are doing different things (even if they are still together as a unit) use the plural form of the verb • EX: The family eat their sandwiches ((plural)

  17. Mr. D there is a HAPPY SPIDER ON YOUR BACK!!!!!

  18. Appositives • Appositives are nouns that tell what proper nouns do/are. • They are always next to the proper noun. (either in front or behind) • A comma is always before or after them them. (sometimes both) • The comma usage will always follow the next four patterns

  19. 1. as an appositive: Mr. D , a teacher, loved teaching grammar. • 2. As an appositive phrase: Mr. D , As a English teacher, loved teaching grammar. • 3. With the appositive phrase first: As an English Teacher, Mr. D always loved grammar. • 4. With the appositive phrase last. Mr D always loved grammar, as an english teacher. • Please take care to NOTICE THE COMMA USAGE

  20. MR D! THERE IS A COMMA ON YOUR BACK!!!!

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