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Chapter 12

Chapter 12. The Old South and Slavery, 1830-1860. The Lure of Cotton. What was the difference between Sugar and Cotton crops? In 1860 what percentage of farmers owned slaves in the cotton belt? Why did cotton and corn crops go together well?. Ties between the lower and upper south.

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 The Old South and Slavery, 1830-1860

  2. The Lure of Cotton • What was the difference between Sugar and Cotton crops? • In 1860 what percentage of farmers owned slaves in the cotton belt? • Why did cotton and corn crops go together well?

  3. Ties between the lower and upper south • What crops dominated the upper south? • What things linked the upper south with the lower south?

  4. The North and South Diverge • In what ways was the south lacking in regards to the north? • How did JDB DeBow advocate for change in the south? • Describe southern industrialization in the mid 1800’s.

  5. Planters and Plantation Mistresses • Where did most southerners wealth come from? • Why did most women not like moving to the Southwestern territory of the U.S.?

  6. The Small Slaveholders • Describe Small Slaveholders.

  7. The Yeoman • Who were the Yeoman? • Where did most Yeoman settle? • How did they make a living?

  8. The People of the Pine Barrens • Who were the people of the Pine Barrens? • What made people often times move to the Pine Barrens?

  9. Conflict and Consensus in the White South • What political party did the Planters and Yeoman tend to favor and why?

  10. Conflict Over Slavery • How far had the slave holding population fallen to by 1860? • How did the south remain pro-slavery if so many southerners were not themselves slave holders?

  11. The ProSlavery Argument • On what grounds did the proslavery movement make their argument? • What did southerners do to abolitionists literature? • In what ways did southern churches help the proslavery argument?

  12. Violence in the Old South • In what ways was violence a part of everyday life in the Old South?

  13. The Code of Honor and Dueling • Where did the southern “Code of Honor” come from? • What role did Dueling play in the old south?

  14. The Southern Evangelicals and White Values • How did Evangelicals play a role in the south during the mid 1800’s?

  15. The Maturing of the Plantation System • How did slavery change from the 1700’s leading into the mid 1800’s?

  16. Work and Discipline of Plantation Slaves • Describe the average day of a plantation slave. • What did female slaves who did not work in the fields do? • Who was in charge of disciplining the slaves? • In what ways could plantation slaves better their lives?

  17. The Slave Family • Why did masters encourage slave marriages? • In what ways were slave families challenged? • In what ways were slave families similar to the western African culture that many slaves came from?

  18. The Longevity, Diet and Health of Slaves • What did the diet of Old South slaves consist of? • What diseases affected slaves the most and why? • What factors contributed to high infant mortality rate among slaves?

  19. Slaves Off Plantations • What non-plantation jobs did slaves often times perform? • Why did blacks often times prefer southern cities for employment? • In what ways were slaves thought of as higher than Irish Immigrants?

  20. Life on the Margin: Free Blacks in the Old South • What jobs did free blacks in the south perform? • Why did the number of free blacks in the south start to slow throughout the 19th century? • In what ways did free blacks discriminate against one another?

  21. Slave Resistance • For what reasons were slave rebellions in the U.S. lower than in the Caribbean region? • What was the “Underground Railroad”? • What freedoms did slaves enjoy in the south? • In what ways did slaves inflict vengeance on their masters?

  22. The Language of Slaves • How did slaves communicate?

  23. African-American Religion • Starting around 1790 what religion did most blacks (free and slaves) start to convert to? • Describe churches in the Old South.

  24. Black Music and Dance • In what ways did blacks use their African heritage in regards to music and dance? • Why did masters encourage singing among slaves? • What were spirituals?

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