1 / 60

California Coordinate System

California Coordinate System. Capital Project Skill Development Class (CPSD) G100497. California Coordinate System. Thomas Taylor, PLS Right of Way Engineering District 04 (510) 286-5294 Tom_Taylor@dot.ca.gov. Course Outline. History Legal Basis The Conversion Triangle

niveditha
Download Presentation

California Coordinate System

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. California Coordinate System Capital Project Skill Development Class (CPSD) G100497

  2. California Coordinate System Thomas Taylor, PLS Right of Way Engineering District 04 (510) 286-5294 Tom_Taylor@dot.ca.gov

  3. Course Outline • History • Legal Basis • The Conversion Triangle • Geodetic to Grid Conversion • Grid to Geodetic Conversion • Convergence Angle • Reducing Measured Distances to Grid Distances • Zone to Zone Transformations

  4. History

  5. Types of Plane Systems Point of Origin Plane Apex of Cone Ellipsoid Axis of Cone & Ellipsoid Axis of Ellipsoid Tangent Plane Local Plane Line of intersection Axis of Cylinder Ellipsoid Ellipsoid Intersecting Cylinder Transverse Mercator Intersecting Cone 2 Parallel Lambert

  6. What Map Projection to Use? • A number of Conformal Map Projections are used in the United States. • Universal Transverse Mercator. • Transverse Mercator. • Oblique Transverse Mercator. • Lambert Conformal Conical. • The Transverse Mercator is used for states (or zones in states) that are long in a North-South direction. • The Lambert is used for states (or zones in states) that are long in an East-West direction. • The Oblique Mercator is used in one zone in Alaska where neither the TM or Lambert were appropriate.

  7. Characteristics of the Lambert Projection • The secant cone intersects the surface of the ellipsoid at two places. • The lines joining these points of intersection are known as standard parallels. By specifying these parallels it defines the cone. • Scale is always the same along an East-West line. • By defining the central meridian, the cone becomes orientated with respect to the ellipsoid

  8. Legal Basis • Public Resource Code

  9. What will be given? g , q , mapping angle, convergence angle. (N,E), (X,Y), Latitude(F), Longitude(l) R0 What are constants or given information within the Tables? Nbis the northing of projection origin 500,000.000 meters u R E0 is the easting of the central meridian 2,000,000.000 meters R b B0 Rbis mapping radius through grid base B0 is the central parallel of the zone northing/easting Latitude(F),Longitude(l) R0is the mapping radius through the projection origin What must be calculated using the constants? Nb R is the radius of a circle, a function of latitude, and interpolated from the tables E0 u is the radial distance from the central parallel to the station, (R0 – R) g , q is the convergence angle, mapping angle

  10. Geodetic to Grid Conversion • Determine the Radial Difference: u B = north latitude of the station B0 = latitude of the projection origin (tabled constant) u = radial distance from the station to the central parallel L1, L2, L3, L4 = polynomial coefficients (tabled constants)

  11. Geodetic to Grid Conversion • Determine the Mapping Radius: R R = mapping radius of the station R0 = mapping radius of the projection origin (tabled constant) u = radial distance from the station to the central parallel

  12. Geodetic to Grid Conversion • Determine the Plane Convergence: g g = convergence angle L = west longitude of the station L0 = longitude of the projection and grid origin (tabled constant) Sin(B0) = sine of the latitude of the projection origin (tabled constant)

  13. Geodetic to Grid Conversion • Determine Northing of the Station n = N0 + u + [R(sin(g))(tan(g/2))] or n = Rb + Nb – R(cos(g)) n = the northing of the station N0 = northing of the projection origin (tabled constant) Rb, Nb = tabled constants

  14. Geodetic to Grid Conversion • Determine Easting of the Station e = E0 + R(sin(g)) e = easting of the station E0 = easting of the projection and grid origin

  15. Example # 1 Compute the CCS83 Zone 6 metric coordinates of station “Class-1” from its geodetic coordinates of: Latitude = 32° 54’ 16.987” Longitude = 117° 00’ 01.001”

  16. Example # 1 • Determine the Radial Difference: u

  17. Example # 1 • Determine the Radial Difference: u

  18. Example # 1 • Determine the Mapping Radius: R

  19. Example # 1 • Determine the Plane Convergence: g

  20. Example # 1 • Determine Northing of the Station n = Rb + Nb – R(cos(g)) n = 9836091.7896 + 500000.000 – 9754239.92234(cos(-0.4122909785)) n = 582104.404

  21. Example # 1 • Determine Easting of the Station e = E0 + R(sin(g)) e = 2000000.000 + 9754239.92234(sin(-0.4122909785)) e = 1929810.704

  22. Problem # 1 Compute the CCS83 Zone 3 metric coordinates of station “SOL1” from its geodetic coordinates of: Latitude = 38° 03’ 59.234” Longitude = 122° 13’ 28.397”

  23. Solution to Problem # 1 EB = 0.315384453° u = 35003.7159064 R = 8211926.65249 g = -1° 03’ 20.97955” (HMS) 0r -1.05582765° n = 675242.779 e = 1848681.899

  24. Grid to Geodetic Conversion • Determine the Plane Convergence: g g = arctan[(e - E0)/(Rb – n + Nb)] g = convergence angle at the station e = easting of station E0 = easting of the projection origin (tabled constant) Rb = mapping radius of the grid base (tabled constant) n = northing of the station Nb = northing of the grid base (tabled constant)

  25. Grid to Geodetic Conversion • Determine the Longitude L = L0 – (g/sin(B0)) L = west longitude of the station L0 = longitude of the projection origin (tabled constant) sin(B0) = sine of the latitude of the projection origin (tabled constant)

  26. Grid to Geodetic Conversion • Determine the radial difference: u u = n – N0 – [(e – E0)tan(g/2)] g = convergence angle at the station e = easting of the station E0 = easting of the projection origin (tabled constant) n = northing of the station N0 = northing of the projection origin u = radial distance from the station to the central parallel

  27. Grid to Geodetic Conversion • Determine latitude: B B = B0 + G1u + G2u2 + G3u3 + G4u4 B = north latitude of the station B0 = latitude of the projection origin (tabled constant) u = radial distance from the station to the central parallel G1, G2, G3, G4 = polynomial coefficients (tabled constants)

  28. Example # 2 Compute the Geodetic Coordinate of station “Class-2” from its CCS83 Zone 4 Metric Coordinates of: n = 654048.453 e = 2000000.000

  29. Example # 2 • Determine the Plane Convergence: g g = arctan[(e - E0)/(Rb – n + Nb)] g = arctan[(2000000.000 – 2000000.000)/ (8733227.3793 – 654048.453 + 500000.000)] g = arctan(0) g = 0

  30. Example # 2 • Determine the Longitude L = L0 – (g/sin(B0)) L = 119° 00’ 00’’ – (0/sin(36.6258593071°)) L = 119° 00’ 00’’

  31. Example # 2 • Determine the radial difference: u u = n – N0 – [(e – E0)tan(g/2)] u = 654048.453 – 643420.4858 - [(2000000.000 – 2000000.000)(tan(0/2)] u = 10627.967

  32. Example # 2 • Determine latitude: B B = B0 + G1u + G2u2 + G3u3 + G4u4 B = 36.6258593071° + 9.011926076E-06(10627.967) + -6.83121E-15(10627.967)2 + -3.72043E-20(10627.967)3 + -9.4223E-28(10627.967)4 B = 36° 43’ 17.893’’

  33. Problem # 2 Compute the Geodetic Coordinate of station “CC7” from its CCS83 Zone 3 Metric Coordinates of: n = 674010.835 e = 1848139.628

  34. Solution to Problem # 2 g = -1° 03’ 34.026” or -1.0594517° L = 122° 13’ 49.706” u = 33761.9722245 B = 38° 03’ 18.958”

  35. Convergence Angle • Determining the Plane Convergence Angle and the Geodetic Azimuth or the Grid Azimuth g = arctan[(e – E0)/(Rb – n + Nb)] or g = (L0 – L)sin(B0)

  36. Convergence Angle • Determine Grid Azimuth: t or Geodetic Azimuth: a t = a – g + d t = grid azimuth a = geodetic azimuth g = convergence angle (mapping angle) d = arc to chord correction, known as the second order term (ignore this term for lines less than 5 miles long)

  37. Example # 3 Station “Class-3” has CCS83 Zone 1 Coordinates of n = 593305.300 and e = 2082990.092, and a grid azimuth to a natural sight of 320° 37’ 22.890”. Compute the geodetic azimuth from Class-3 to the same natural sight.

  38. Example # 3 • Determining the Plane Convergence Angle and the Geodetic Azimuth or the Grid Azimuth g = arctan[(e – E0)/(Rb – n + Nb)] g = arctan[(2082990.092 – 2000000.000)/ (7556554.6408 – 593305.300 + 500000.000)] g = arctan[0.0111198338] g = 0° 38’ 13.536’’

  39. Example # 3 • Determine Grid Azimuth: t or Geodetic Azimuth: a t = a – g a = t + g a = 320° 37’ 22.890’’ + 0° 38’ 13.536’’ a = 321° 15’ 36.426’’

  40. Problem # 3 Station “D7” has CCS83 Zone 6 Coordinates of n = 489321.123 and e = 2160002.987, and a grid azimuth to a natural sight of 45° 25’ 00.000”. Compute the geodetic azimuth from D7 to the same natural sight.

  41. Solution to Problem # 3 g = 0° 55” 51.361’ (0.9309335°) Geodetic Azimuth = 46 20’ 51.361”

  42. Ground h H Ellipsoid N Radius of the Ellipsoid Combined Grid Factor (Combined Scale Factor) • Elevation Factors • Before a Ground Distance can be reduced to the Grid, it must first be reduced to the ellipsoid of reference. R EF = R + N + H R = Radius of Curvature. N = Geoidal Separation. • Geoid (MSL) H = Mean Height above Geoid. h = Ellipsoidal Height

  43. Combined Grid Factor (Combined Scale Factor) • A scale factor is the Ratio of a distance on the grid projection to thecorresponding distance on the ellipse. B’ A’ C A B D C’ Zone Limit Zone Limit D’ Scale Decreases Scale Increases Scale Increases - Grid Distance A-B is smaller than Geodetic Distance A’-B’. - Grid Distance C-D is larger than Geodetic Distance C’-D’. Scale Decreases

  44. Converting Measured Ground Distances to Grid Distances • Determine Radius of Curvature of the Ellipsoid: Ra Ra = r0/k0 Ra = geometric mean radius of curvature of the ellipsoid at the projection origin r0 = geometric mean radius of the ellipsoid at the projection origin, scaled to grid (tabled constant) k0 = grid scale factor of the central parallel (tabled constant)

  45. Converting Measured Ground Distances to Grid Distances • Determine the Elevation Factor: re re = Ra/(Ra + N + H) re = elevation factor Ra = radius of curvature of the ellipsoid N = geoid separation H = elevation

  46. Converting Measured Ground Distances to Grid Distances • Determine the Point Scale Factor: k k = F1 + F2u2 + F3u3 k = point scale factor u = radial difference F1, F2, F3 = polynomial coefficients (tabled constants)

  47. Converting Measured Ground Distances to Grid Distances • Determine the Combined Grid Factor: cgf cgf = re k cgf = combined grid factor re = elevation factor k = point scale factor

  48. Converting Measured Ground Distances to Grid Distances • Determine Grid Distance Ggrid = cgf(Gground) Note: Gground is a horizontal ground distance

  49. Converting Grid Distances to Horizontal Ground Distances • Determine Ground Distance Gground = Ggrid/cgf

  50. Example # 4 In CCS83 Zone 1 from station “Me” to station “You” you have a measured horizontal ground distance of 909.909m. Stations Me and You have elevations of 3333.333m and a geoid separation 0f -30.5m. Compute the horizontal grid distance from Me to You. (To calculate the point scale factor assume u = 15555.000)

More Related