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issues associated with acceptability of viral std vaccines

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issues associated with acceptability of viral std vaccines

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    1. Issues Associated with Acceptability of Viral STD Vaccines Susan L. Rosenthal, Ph.D

    3. Theoretical Model of Health Behaviors  

    4. Important Health Beliefs Perceived severity Perceived susceptibility Barriers to implementing the behavior Important others’ beliefs

    5. Health Beliefs Perceived Severity Seriousness of the disease Consequences of the disease Perceived Susceptibility Risk of acquiring the disease Expectation that behavior would reduce the likelihood of harm (What will be the impact of partial efficacy?)

    6. Health Beliefs Barriers to Implementing the Behavior Access Need for shots Concerns about real or imagined side effects Beliefs of Important Others Normative beliefs Motivation to comply with preferences of relevant others

    7. Influences on Attitudes

    8. Health Care Providers Health Care Providers Comfort with talking about sexuality Knowledge about disease Knowledge about side effects Expectations about parental attitudes and need for consent

    10. Societal/Cultural Beliefs Beliefs about immunization in general Risk behavior and STDs

    11. National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program “If you believe that you or a loved one has been injured as a result of a vaccination, we may be able to help.“ The National Vaccine Information Center “NVIC is dedicated to the prevention of vaccine injuries and deaths through public education”

    12. Psychosocial/Behavioral Factors and Vaccine Effectiveness

    13. Characteristics of the Vaccine

    14. Vaccine Characteristics Method of delivery Shot Frequency Efficacy Cost

    15. HPV Vaccine Characteristics Characteristics of the vaccine: Cost (150, 50, free) Efficacy (50% or 90%) Disease targeted (genital warts, cervical cancer, both) Physician recommended Results for adolescents and young women: Most acceptable: 90% efficacy, physician recommended, and moderately priced Disease target made no difference

    16. HPV/HSV Vaccine Acceptability Among College Students Provided reproductive, sexual, and combined cues in description of the vaccine Cue did not predict acceptance and there was no gender/cue interaction.

    17. Predictors of Vaccine Acceptance

    18. HBV Immunization Among Adolescents Predictors for adolescents’ acceptance Perception that immunization was important to parents Belief that it is important for everyone to be vaccinated Predictors for parents’ acceptance Perception that immunization was important to provider Concern about adolescent’s risk for HBV

    19. HIV Vaccine Acceptability in Adolescents Generic HIV vaccine acceptable Mean 5.12 out of 6 Greater vaccine acceptability associated with: Susceptibility to HIV Benefits of being vaccinated Lower vaccine acceptability Fear of vaccine causing HIV Not being a member of risk group Fear of needles

    20. Herpes Vaccine Acceptability in College Students Number (%) accepting the vaccine 207 (40% ) would get vaccine 211 (41%) not sure 100 (19%) would not Greater likelihood of acceptance Low cost Belief that it would work (for yes/not sure) All teens All sexually experienced individuals (yes/no)

    21. Other Findings Different predictors of vaccine acceptance for HPV and HSV vaccine acceptance among college students For vaccine trial participants, acceptance of HSV vaccine was related to decreased exercise and lower alcohol use For vaccine trial participants, acceptance of HPV vaccine was influenced by perceptions of support from church/synagogue

    22. Chain of Vaccine Acceptance Professional Organizations’ Recommendations ? Health Care Providers ? Parents ? Adolescents ? STD Vaccine Acceptance

    23. Summary of STD Vaccine Acceptability Studies Positive attitudes about STD vaccines across populations Vaccine efficacy is important, but probably not disease targeted Acceptability associated with positive and negative health beliefs, but less so with health behaviors

    24. Issues for Future Research

    25. Issues for Future Research Efficacy Level at which acceptance decreases People’s understanding of partial efficacy Physicians response in terms of recommendations

    26. Issues for Future Research Access/provider issues Enhancing access Cost to patient Increasing provider comfort Universal recommendation Developing policy to accomplish

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