Noncommunicable Diseases

Noncommunicable Diseases Grade 8 Health

Causes of noncommunicable diseases • Noncommunicable diseases are not spread by pathogens • May be present at birth • In other cases, noncommunicable disease may develop as a result of a person’s lifestyle behavior • May develop from the effects of substances in the environment • or the cause may be unknown.

Chronic Diseases • Many noncommunicable diseases are chronic- diseases that are present either continuously or off and on over a long time. • Examples: asthma

Degenerative Diseases • Some noncommunicable diseases cause the body cells and tissue to break down, or degenerate. • Degenerative diseases are diseases that cause further breakdown in body cells, tissues, and organs as they progress. • Example: multiple sclerosis

Diseases Present at Birth • Some babies are born with physical or mental disabilities that are a result of genetics or birth defects • The causes of many birth defects are unknown • Some may result from harmful substances in environment (x-rays), lifestyle behaviors of the mother (alcohol), or a defect in genes ( down syndrome).

Lifestyle Behaviors and Disease • Some diseases there are certain risk factors. • Risk factors are characteristics that increase a person’s chances of developing a disease • Risk factors over which people have no control are heredity, age, gender, and ethnic group.

Risk factors • Lifestyle behaviors are risk factors we have control of: • Eating habits • Physical activity • Sleep habits • Healthful lifestyles can prevent, control, or reduce the risk of certain diseases.

Diseases Caused by the Environment • These substances can cause serious health problems or make existing health problems worse • Chemical waste buried in landfills creates fumes; illness can occur years after initial exposure. • Construction materials (asbestos) can cause lung disease long after exposure

Diseases Caused by the Environment • Household chemicals (paints, solvents) can pollute the indoor air and cause health problems • Secondhand smoke can be harmful to nonsmokers • Improper waste disposal by manufacturers of household items like plastics/paint creates water and air pollution. Oil from cars old aerosol cans can pose health risks too.

Diseases Caused by the Environment • Radon a colorless, odorless gas released from soil and rocks that contain tiny amounts of radium. Radon can seep into the air through foundations, basements, and pipes. Exposure over a long period of time increases the risk of lung cancer. • Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas produced when fuel is burned. It is present in fumes from car exhaust and some furnaces and fireplaces. If fuel burning appliances do not work properly they can produce dangerous levels of carbon monoxide which can cause illness or death.

Common Noncommuincable Diseases • Allergies • Alzheimer’s disease • Arthritis • Asthma • Cancer • Cardiovascular disease • Cerebral palsy • Cystic Fibrosis • Multiple Sclerosis • Muscular Dystrophy • Sickle-Cell disease

Noncommunicable Disease Projects • This is a power point project that you will complete with a partner. • You and your partner will choose a noncommunicable disease and research the disease. • You will follow the power point template to help guide your research. • See the guide

Cancer Mrs. Whiteman Health 8 Mod 1-2 September 2009

Cancer is a disease • Define the disease or condition • Is it genetic, lifestyle or from unknown causes? Source of info for this page: example www.healthfacts.com

General Facts about fill in name here • How many people have this disease in the US? • Do people die from this disease? • Is it increasing or decreasing? • Who gets it? (men, women, ethnic groups?) Source: Must be listed!

Causes & Risk Factors forfill in name here • Cause 1 • Cause 2 • Cause 3 • Cause 4 • Could be more or less Source: Must be listed!

Preventing fill in name • If genetic, can parents know ahead? • If lifestyle, can people not do something? • If unknown, is there early diagnosis?

Symptoms of fill in name • Symptom 1 • Symptom 2 • Symptom 3 • Symptom 4 • More… Source: Must be listed!

Medical Tests • What tests are done by doctors to determine if you have it?

Treatment for fill in name here • Therapy? • Medication? • Surgery? • Lifestyle Changes? • Support groups?

Complications of fill in name here • What is the outlook for a person with this condition? • 5 year survival rate? (mainly for cancers) • Is it progressive (get worse)? • Is there a cure? • Do people have complications from having it?

Write the title of image here • image or diagram does not have to be at this spot in the presentation… Source: Must be listed!

Summary of name of disease here • What should be remember about this disease • What have you learned…

Web Resources for name of disease here • Medline (example) • www.medline.com (example) • Title of site • Web address: • Title of site • Web address

Project Title _______________________ Name ________________________ Checklist for Project – Turn in when completed! Step One Basic Information • Download the presentation and put it in your network folder. • Change the name of PowerPoint presentation to name of your disease • Change the title of each slide • Only use a template with a white background (see format/slide design for ideas) • Keep font size at 24 points or larger • Add pages when needed (9,999 limit) • Animate the points on your presentation, but do not use blink once or crawl • Do not use sounds Step Two – Doing Research • Use the provided websites only! Exception: finding an image for your presentation • Put the name of the website on the slides where required. • Type or paste information you find in the “speaker notes” found below the slide • Fill in each slide using ideas listed on the page. Some suggested information may not apply to you presentation.. Step Three – Completing your project • List all the online resources you used in the bibliography • Find the definition and pronunciation for any word used in project! • You must use an outline format on the actual slides, no complete sentences, 6-8 words per point • When you are done you will print out an outline of your report. Attach this checklist and turn it in to Mr. Olson. • You must print out speaker notes and bring them to class on the first day the report is due..

List of Noncommunicable Disease • Asthma • Eczema • Allergies • Celiac Disease • Anemia • Hemophilia • Sickle Cell Anemia • von Willebrand Disease • Blount Disease • Chronic Fatigue Syndrome • Guillain-Barré Syndrome • Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

Lupus • Muscular Dystrophy • Osgood-Schlatter Disease • Osteomyelitis • Scoliosis • Bell's Palsy • Cerebral Palsy • Epilepsy • Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Tourette Syndrome • Hodgkin's Disease • Melanoma • Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma • Celiac Disease • Cystic Fibrosis • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) • Inflammatory Bowel Disease • Irritable Bowel Syndrome • Ulcers • Albinism • Dwarfism • Hemophilia • Marfan Syndrome • Muscular Dystrophy • Thyroid Disease • Turner Syndrome • von Willebrand Disease • Diabetes Center • Dwarfism • Growth Problems • Thyroid Disease • Thyroid Disease Definitions

List of Communicable Diseases • Arrhythmias • Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) • ADHD • Autism • Learning Disabilities • Dyslexia • Asthma • Cystic Fibrosis • Cleft Lip and Palate • Hearing Impairment • Speech Problems • Visual Impairment

Allergies and Asthma • As we learned before, the immune system responds/reacts to the presence of foreign substances by starting a process to weaken or eliminate the substance. • Part of the process is the release of antibodies , which fight foreign substances in the body. • Some people develop an allergy, or an abnormal immune reaction to an ordinarily harmless substance.

Allergies and Asthma • A substance that causes an allergic reaction is called an allergen. • When an allergen enters a person’s body, the immune system reacts as though it were harmful. • Between 40 million and 50 million Americans are affected by allergies

Did You Know….

Noncommunicable Diseases