R1234yf Commercialization Meeting

1. R1234yf Commercialization Meeting Friday 6 February Hilton Anatole, Dallas TX Ward Atkinson, Chair, SAE Interior Climate Control Committee

2. New Standards • There are 18 new or revised SAE J Standards Covering: [16 are listed in this presentation] • Service Equipment • Recovery --- Charging • Service hoses and fittings • Leak Detection – Electronic – Trace Dye • Technician Training --- Certification • Certified Evaporators – New and Replacement • Refrigerant Purity • Measurement of Passenger Compartment Refrigerant Concentrations • System component design requirements

3. New Standards • These new or revised SAE J Standards Cover: • 5 New Documents for HFO1234yf • 4 New Documents Common to HFO1234yf and R744 • 1 Revised Standard Common to All Refrigerants • 6 New Documents for R744 It’s Important to note that development of these documents may result in changed wording and/or content

4. HFO1234yf • J2843 HFO1234yf Refrigerant Recovery- Recycle - Charging Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air Conditioning Systems • Scope—the purpose of this SAE Standard is to establish the specific minimum equipment performance requirements for recovery of HFO-1234YF (ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Class A2 refrigerants) that has been directly removed from mobile air‑conditioning (A/C) systems. It also is intended to establish requirements for equipment used to recharge HFO-1234yf to an accuracy level that meets section 9.0 of this document. The requirements apply to the following types of service equipment and their specific applications. • Recovery/Charge Equipment, • Recovery/Charge -- Refrigerant Charging, • Refrigerant Recharging Equipment Only.

5. HFO1234yf • J2844 HFO1234yf Refrigerant Purity and Container Requirements for Refrigerant Used in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems 1. Scope This SAE Standard applies to refrigerant used in motor vehicle passenger air-conditioning (A/C) systems designed to use HFO-1234yf.

6. HFO1234yf • J2851 HFO1234yf Refrigerant Recovery Only Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air Conditioning Systems 1. Scope—The purpose of this SAE Standard is to provide minimum performance and operating feature requirements for the recovery of HFO1234yf refrigerant to be returned to a refrigerant reclamation facility that will process it to the appropriate ARI 700 Standard or allow for recycling of the recovered refrigerant to SAE J2843 specifications by using J2843-certified equipment. It is not acceptable that the refrigerant removed from a mobile air-conditioning (A/C) system with this equipment be directly returned to a mobile A/C system.

7. HFO1234yf • J2887 HFO1234yf Service Standards for Mobile Air Conditioning Systems 1. Scope The purpose of this Standard is to establish minimum requirements for handling of HFO-1234yf in the service environment.

8. HFO1234yf • J2888 HFO1234yf Service Hose, Fittings and Couplers for Mobile Refrigerant Systems Service Equipment 1. Scope This SAE Standard covers fittings intended for connecting service hoses, per SAE J2196, from Mobile Air- Conditioning Systems to HFO1234yf service equipment such as manifold gauges, vacuum pumps and air conditioning charging, recovery and recycling equipment.

9. HFO1234yf and R744 • J2772 Refrigerant Passenger Compartment Concentrations Measurement under A/C system refrigerant leakage conditions 1. Scope This SAE Standard focuses on the determination of a CO2- and HFO1234yf concentration inside the vehicle cabin arising from a R744 or HFO1234yf Refrigerant circuit leakage This SAE Standard is restricted to refrigeration circuits that provide air-conditioning for the passenger compartments of passenger and commercial vehicles. The purpose is to establish an industry standard for determine the refrigerant concentration in a vehicle compartment. For generation of a refrigerant level in the vehicle compartment an external refrigerant source is inserted into the HVAC-Module airflow to the passenger compartment. The measurement shall cover vehicle compartment design boundaries, possible usage of the vehicle and the refrigerant system. The test procedures for measurement and the best practice for usage of this procedure shall be described.

10. HFO1234yf and R744 • J2773 Refrigerant Guidelines for Safety and Risk Analysis for use in Mobile Air Conditioning Systems 1. Scope This SAE Standard provides an enumeration of standards, in which processes and methods are described to prove the compliance of the safety measures for complex technical systems. According these standards the safety requirements for the alternative refrigerant vapor compression systems have to be verified for the entire lifecycle of the vehicle. This SAE Standard Practice is restricted to alternative refrigerant vapor compression systems that provide air-conditioning for the passenger compartments of passenger and commercial vehicles. This standard describes a vehicle AC system with alternative refrigerants in design, production and assembly, operation and final scrapping. Service aspects are discussed in various SAE J-standards. Methods to prove the compliance of the safety measures and devices with the safety requirements are described. This standard focuses on requirements and does not demand nor suggest concrete solutions.

11. HFO1234yf and R744 • J2842 HFO1234yf and R744 Evaporator Design Certification for OEM and service replacement 1. Scope Mobile air conditioning systems using any refrigerant that is toxic (list spec) or has an ISO 817 flammability classification of A2L or ASHRAE flammability classification of 2 in a direct expansion refrigerant system, shall meet the requirements of this standard. This standard along with other appropriate SAE J Standards provide design guidelines for an evaporator(s) using this type of refrigerant in a mobile air conditioning system.

12. HFO1234yf and R744 • J2845 Technician Certification for Servicing and Refrigerant Containment of A/C Systems 1. Scope—Technician training and certification is required to ensure safe, efficient and effective service and repair of mobile air conditioning systems using R744, HFC-152a and HFO-1234yf. The technician must be trained to recognize which refrigerant is being handled, be trained to handle it safely and be equipped with the essential information, proper equipment and tools, which may be unique to a single refrigerant. This standard outlines minimum content requirements for such training programs.

13. Common All Refrigerants • J639 [Revised] Safety Standards for Motor Vehicle Refrigerant refrigerant vapor compression systems that provide cooling and/or heating for passenger and Vapor Compression Systems Scope This SAE Standard Practice is restricted to commercial vehicle passenger compartments. This document provides design standards and safety for these systems. Also included are cautionary statements for the mobile air conditioning service industry to alert service technicians to the inadvisability and the possible health and safety effects associated with venting refrigerant during service. It is not intended to restrict the use, or further development, of other types of refrigeration systems for passenger compartment cooling. Should other systems be found practical, this document may be amended or an additional standard safety practice created for such systems. This document addresses only CFC-12 (R-12), HFC-134a (R-134a), HFC152a (R-152a) and HFO1234yf flammable gas(s), and carbon dioxide (R-744) refrigerants. To prevent system contamination all refrigerants used in mobile air conditioning vapor compression systems require unique service fittings. The unique service fittings eliminate the potential for system refrigerant cross-contamination during service activity.

14. R744 • J2683 [Revised] R744 Refrigerant Purity and Container Requirements for Refrigerant Used in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems 1. Scope This SAE Standard applies to Carbon Dioxide R744 refrigerant used to service motor vehicle passenger air-conditioning (A/C) and heat pump systems designed to use R-744. R-744 when used as a refrigerant in mobile air-conditioning systems shall contain an odorant as an identification of refrigerant leaking from the system. Carbon Dioxide (R-744) and R134a used as refrigerants in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems are not interchangeable. Refrigerants must not be mixed together

15. R744 • J2769 R744 Service Hose, Fittings and Couplers for Mobile Refrigerant Systems Service Equipment 1. Scope This SAE Standard covers fittings, couplers, and hoses intended for connecting from Mobile Refrigerant Systems to refrigerant removal and charging equipment. (Figure 1) This fitting is physically different in size and connection thread type from current known fittings used in R-12 or R-134a service equipment or mobile refrigerant systems. It is a known standard type of fitting which provides the strength required for safe handling of high pressure gases. Its size difference will also reduce the potential of cross-threading service hoses on R-12 and R-134a refrigerant storage containers and service equipment. The hose shall be designed to minimize permeation of refrigerants and contamination of refrigerant passing there through and to be serviceable over a temperature range of -30 to 95°C (-22 to 203°F). Hose working pressure shall be at least 13.2 MPa (Low-Side) respectively 17.6 MPa (High-Side) for R744. The minimum burst pressure shall be at least 2 times the maximum pressure. The hose has to work with R744, PAG-Oil and R744 Odor with an odor concentration of 250ppm in the refrigerant.

16. R744 • J2770 R744 Service Standards for Mobile Air Conditioning Systems 1. Scope The purpose of this Standard is to establish minimum requirements for handling of R744 (CO2) in the service environment.

17. R744 • J2771 R744 Refrigerant Recovery- Charging Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air Conditioning Systems 1. Scope The purpose of this SAE standard is to provide equipment specifications for the controlled removal, evacuation and charging of R744 refrigerant for mobile refrigerant systems. System charging and service is challenging due to high pressures. Recovery of used R-744 is not required. This SAE standard is required for equipment used to service automobiles, light trucks, and other vehicles with similar R-744 refrigerant systems.

18. R744 • J2774 R744 Refrigerant Minimum Performance Criteria for Electronic Leak Detectors 1. Scope This SAE Standard is restricted to R744 refrigeration circuits that provide air-conditioning for the passenger compartments of passenger and commercial vehicles. The purpose is to establish an industry standard for electronic probe-type leak detectors intended for use in automotive air conditioning systems with R744 refrigerant. This includes design and performance criteria, test procedures for the apparatus and the best practice for usage. The detector shall be used to find in R744 system circuits the sources of leaks of the sizes listed in Section 3. This iteration is intended for research and development, possible use on a system or vehicle production (assembly) lines, and by service technicians on production vehicles.

19. R744 • J2775 R744 Ultraviolet Leak Detection: Procedure For Use Of Refrigerant Leak Detection Dyes For Service Of Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems 1. SCOPE This SAE standard applies to fluorescent leak detection dyes and the corresponding injection equipment or other methods of installing the dye which are to be used when servicing a mobile air-conditioning system's refrigerant circuit for the purpose of allowing the application of fluorescent leak detection. Dyes should also work with R744 [CO2] refrigerant with odorant added.