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The trade-offs of electric motors

Evan Widloski and Will Hime. The trade-offs of electric motors. Motorin': Whats Your Price for Flight. The Era of Electricity. Electricity has changed the world drastically in the past 150 years, and one of the many ways it has is the introduction of Electric motors.

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The trade-offs of electric motors

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  1. Evan Widloski and Will Hime The trade-offs ofelectric motors Motorin': Whats Your Price for Flight

  2. The Era of Electricity Electricity has changed the world drastically in the past 150 years, and one of the many ways it has is the introduction of Electric motors. Motors play a huge role in our lives.  From taking us where we need to go, to grinding up coffee beans in the morning, there are many kinds of motors and they all serve different purposes.  But what differentiates motors from other motors? And how do these motors function?

  3. What will be covered • brief history of the electric motor • explanation of electromagnetism • construction of a motor • comparison of several types of motors and their advantages • conclusion

  4. History of Electric Motors • First electric motor created by Faraday in early 1800's • Consisted of wire hanging down into a cup of Mercury with a magnet in the middle • When a current passed through the magnet, the wire began to revolve around it. Farraday's First Motor http://www.sparkmuseum.com/MOTORS.HTM

  5. History of the Electric Motor • It wasn't until about ten years later that motors took on a more practical format. • Rev. William Ritchie began experimenting on a motor with coils. • This, in function, is similar to modern motors http://www.sparkmuseum.com/MOTORS.HTM

  6. Electro-Magnets •  Electro-Magnets consist of a electrified metal coil wrapped around a semi-magnetic metal. • The electrified wire creates a magnetic field that amplifies the field of the object, thus creating a powerful magnet. • However, this magnet can be powered off if the need arise, which is more convenient than a permanent magnet. • The Magnetic field of an electro-magnet is not omnidirectional like that of a rare earth magnet, it is in one direction and also rotational. http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor1.htm

  7. Anatomy of an Electric Motor • motors consist of a series of electromagnetic coils which are fired in a sequence to drive a central shaft, or rotor • the rotor is surrounded by magnets.  this provides an opposing force for the rotor to “push off of” - stator • motors need a way for the coils to push and pull at different times, not just push constantly.  this is accomplished by a commutor animation

  8. Types of Electric Motors Brushed Motors • use small brushes to switch current back and forth Brushless Motors • uses sensors and electronics to switch current back and forth

  9. Brushed Motors Brushless Motors •  Brushless Motors use a cylinder of magnets surrounded by a ring of coils. • The coils are charged, which spins the magnet. • This is basically the inverse of a brushed motor • It also cause little to no friction as no contact is made between surfaces. • This setup is superior in high-speed applications or at highly variable speeds

  10. Brushless Motors • Brushless Motors use a cylinder of magnets surrounded by a ring of coils. • It also cause little to no friction as no commutator is required • This setup is superior in high-speed applications or at highly variable speeds • Requires an electronic        control, which can easily        double its price

  11. Brushless Motors (cont.) •  Brushless Motors use a cylinder of magnets surrounded by a ring of coils. • The coils are charged, which spins the magnet. • This is basically the inverse of a brushed motor • It also cause little to no friction as no contact is made between surfaces. • This setup is superior in high-speed applications or at highly variable speeds

  12. Very Good for high-torque situations. Powerful Tough and reliable not very fast heavy/bulky could possibly have "too much" torque and break parts or strip gears High-Speed waterproof versatile  Sensitive to excessive vibration Expensive (requires separate speed control) will stall if to much torque is put on it  "Smart" Conclusion       Pros                            Cons Brushed Brushless

  13. Works Cited • http://www.sparkmuseum.com/MOTORS.HTM • http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor1.htm • http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/jw/electricmotors.html • http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/electricmotor.htm

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