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Coherent X-ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) Sébastien Boutet

Coherent X-ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) Sébastien Boutet. System Specifications System Description WBS Early Science Schedule and Costs Summary. Science Team. Specifications and instrument concept developed with the science team. The CXI team leaders

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Coherent X-ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) Sébastien Boutet

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  1. Coherent X-ray Imaging(WBS 1.3)Sébastien Boutet • System Specifications • System Description • WBS • Early Science • Schedule and Costs • Summary

  2. Science Team • Specifications and instrument concept developed with the science team. The CXI team leaders • Janos Hajdu, Photon Science-SLAC, Uppsala University (leader) • Henry Chapman, LLNL • John Miao, UCLA

  3. Molecular Structure Determination by Protein Crystallography • Molecular structure is crucial for medical applications. • Inability to produce large high quality crystals is the main bottleneck. • Radiation damage is overcome by spreading it over 1010 or more copies of the same molecule.

  4. Coherent Diffractive Imaging of Biomolecules One pulse, one measurement Particle injection XFEL pulse Noisy diffraction pattern Combine 105-107 measurements into 3D dataset Gösta Huldt, Abraham Szöke, Janos Hajdu (J.Struct Biol, 2003 02-ERD-047)

  5. Conceptual Design of CXI Instrument Particle injection Pixel detector Intelligent beam-stop (wavefront sensor) LCLS beam (focused, possibly optically compressed) Optical and x-ray diagnostics To Time Of Flight (TOF) mass spectrometer Readout and reconstruction

  6. Short pulses Instantaneous snapshots with no thermal fluctuations. Limited radiation damage during the exposure. High brightness Good signal-to-noise with a single shot. Smaller samples. Spatial coherence Elimination of incoherent scattering which contributes to sample damage but not to the signal. Scientific programs X-ray-matter interactions on the fs time scale. Validation of damage models. Structure determination from nanocrystals of proteins. Imaging of hydrated cells beyond the damage limit in 2D. Imaging of nanoparticles. Structure determination of large reproducible biomolecules. Structure determination of reproducible protein complexes and molecular machines. CXI Science at LCLS

  7. CXI SCOPE - WBS 1.3

  8. System Specifications

  9. Coherent X-ray Imaging Instrument Coherent X-ray Imaging Instrument Particle injector Electron/Ion TOF Cryo-goniometer 10 micron Be lens (not shown) Wavefront sensor X-ray Pulse compressor (not shown) 1 micron KB system 0.1 micron KB system Sample Chamber with raster stage LCLS detector

  10. CXI System Description • 1.3.1 Physics support and engineering integration • 1.3.2 X-ray optics • 1.3.3 Sample environment • 1.3.4 Laboratory facilities • 1.3.5 Vacuum system • 1.3.6 Particle injector • 1.3.7 Installation

  11. CXI System Description (2) • 1.3.2 X-ray optics • Focusing • Be lens for 10 micron focus • K-B systems for 1 and 0.1 micron foci • Pulse compression optics • Slits, attenuators, pulse picker • Radiation damage resistant • 1.3.3 Sample environment • Sample chamber • Vacuum better than 10 -7 torr • Sample translation stages • Cryo-goniometer • Sample diagnostics • Ion and electron TOF mass spectrometer • Detector positioning • 50-1500 mm from sample

  12. CXI System Description (3) • 1.3.4 Laboratory facilities • 1.3.5 Vacuum system • 1.3.6 Single particle injector (LLNL MoU) • Focused beam of particles of varying size • Particle size range: 10-1000 nm • Remotely controlled • Steering range : 10 mm • Particle beam diagnostics • Beam position • Beam density • 1.3.7 Installation

  13. 1.3 WBS to Level 4

  14. CD 4a CXI Instrumentation Particle injector Electron/Ion TOF (existing 1st article) 10 micron Be lens Sample Chamber with raster stage LCLS detector

  15. high fluence low fluence CD 4a CXI Science • Proof of principle imaging of test objects at diffraction limited resolution with a single LCLS shot. • Measurement of damage during pulse and comparison to damage models. • Known samples on substrates • Known viruses • Latex nano-spheres • Damage versus fluence measurements. • Analysis of sample fragments with TOF mass spectrometers. Neutze, R. Wouts, D. van der Spoel, E. Weckert, and J. Hajdu, Nature, 406, 752-757 (2000).

  16. CD 4a CXI Science (2) • Study of radiation damage mitigation techniques. • Thin tamper layers around a single molecule may slow the damage process. • Macromolecular structure determination from nanocrystals of proteins. • Proteins that form nanocrystals but do not form large crystals suitable for crystallography at synchrotron source. • 3D diffraction pattern built from multiple injected nanocrystals. • Relative orientation of each crystal determined from common lattice structure. • Imaging of hydrated cells beyond the damage limit in 2D. • Existing injector technology can provide sufficient hit rate for imaging of injected cells. • 10 micron X-ray focus can provide sufficient signal.

  17. CXI Schedule in Primavera 3.1

  18. CXI Milestones CD-1 Aug 01, 07 Conceptual Design Complete Oct 03, 07 CD-2a Dec 03, 07 CD-3a July 21, 08 Phase I Final Design Complete Aug 12, 08 Receive Sample Chamber Nov 11, 08 Receive Focusing Lenses Feb 26, 09 Receive Pulse Picker Mar 13, 09 Phase I Installation Complete Aug 26, 09 CD-4a Feb 08, 10

  19. CXI Cost Estimate

  20. Summary • Instrument concept advanced • 100% of Letters of Intent are represented in instrument concept • Instrument concept is based on proven developments made at FLASH and SR sources • Initial specifications well developed • Ready to proceed with baseline cost and schedule development

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