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Visual Principles

Visual Principles. Instructional Media and Technologies for Learning Chapter 5 Presented by Linda Nash. Roles of Visual Instruction. Visuals provide a referent for ideas. Visuals are iconic. Abacus. Visuals motivate learners by attracting their attention. Visual Literacy.

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Visual Principles

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  1. Visual Principles Instructional Media and Technologies for Learning Chapter 5 Presented by Linda Nash

  2. Roles of Visual Instruction

  3. Visuals provide a referent for ideas

  4. Visuals are iconic Abacus

  5. Visuals motivate learners by attracting their attention.

  6. Visual Literacy The learned ability to interpret and to create visual messages, can be developed in two major ways. • Input strategies, or decoding • Output strategies, or encoding

  7. Input strategies, or decoding • Developmental effects • Cultural effects • Visual preferences

  8. Output strategies, or encoding Creating visuals

  9. Goals of Visual Design • Ensure legibility • Reduce Effort • Increase Active Engagement • Focus Attention

  10. Graphics: help or hurt? Hoffman, Bob. “Using Graphics and Animation in Instruction”, Encyclopedia Of Instructional Technology, http://coe.sdsu.edu/eet/articles/typecontrasts/index.htm

  11. Processes of Visual Design • Visual elements • Verbal elements • Elements that add texture and appeal

  12. Visual Elements • Realistic • Analogic • Organizational

  13. Realistic visual elements • Realistic is not always better

  14. Analogic visual elements • Comparing the unknown to the known

  15. Organizational Elements • Flowcharts • Graphs • Maps

  16. Verbal Elements • Letter Style • Sans serif typeface, such as Helvetica, is well suited to projected visuals. • A serifed typeface, such as Palatino, is recommended for printed text.

  17. Some rules for lettering • Limit variations, such as Bold, italic, underline, size, and typeface, to 4 • CAPITALS- USE ONLY WHERE NORMALLY REQUIRED • Color of lettering should contrast with the background • Color of lettering should contrast with the background

  18. More lettering rules • Size- ½ inch to 10 feet • Spacing between letters- optical method • Spacing between lines

  19. Elements that Add Appeal • Surprise • Texture • Interaction

  20. Pattern • Alignment • Shape • Balance • Style • Color Scheme • Color Appeal

  21. Alignment

  22. Shape

  23. Letter shape

  24. Balance

  25. Rule of Thirds

  26. Rule ofThirds

  27. “Panache" - courtesy of KarenBryan Rule of Thirds-2

  28. With grid Rule of Thirds - 3

  29. Color Scheme • Use the color wheel to determine harmonious color schemes

  30. Color Appeal • Consider the audience and the subject. • Children prefer warm colors (red, pink, orange, yellow) • Adults prefer cool, more subtle color combinations (blue, green violet) • Be aware of cultural differences

  31. Arrangement • Proximity • Directionals • Figure-Ground Contrast • Consistency

  32. Arrangement- No proximity

  33. Arrangement with proximity

  34. Directionals • Bullets • Arrows • Bold type • Bright colors bold type bright colors on a monochromatic page

  35. Figure-Ground Contrast Light on dark or dark on light is the rule

  36. Legibility

  37. Consistency • As viewers go through a series of images, they attempt to form a set of rules about where information will appear. • Consistency allows the viewer to use less energy determining these rules, and more energy concentrating on your message.

  38. Visual Planning Tools • Storyboard • Types of Letters • Drawing, Sketching, Cartooning

  39. Digital Images • Digital Cameras • Scanners • PowerPoint • Desktop Publishing

  40. Sum it Up • Assemble the elements • Choose the background • Arrange elements • Check and Revise

  41. Citations • Heinrich,Robert, Molenda, Michael, Russell, James D., and Smaldino, Sharon. Instructional Media and Technologies for Learning. Columbus, Ohio: Merrill-Prentice-Hall, 2002. • Hoffman, Bob. (c1994-2003) The Encyclopedia of Educational Technology. Retrieved September 9, 2003, from http://coe.sdsu.edu/eet/articles/typecontrasts/index.htm • Kraemer, James. (1999). 2safeschools Retrieved September 7, 2003, from http://www.geocities.com/yellowtincan/ytc.htm • Kristi@Cartoon Cottage. (c1998-2003) Cartoon Cottage Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://cartooncottage.com/

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