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Do it yourself? Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools. Stephan Schwan Universität Tübingen. Overview. Cognitive difference between unmediated observation and watching a media-based depiction Cognitive difference between a non-interactive vs. an interactive depiction.
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Do it yourself? Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools Stephan Schwan Universität Tübingen
Overview • Cognitive difference between unmediated observation and watching a media-based depiction • Cognitive difference between a non-interactive vs. an interactive depiction S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Cognitive benefits of media-based visualizations • Information storage and transmission • Depiction of hypothetical scenarios • „Cognitive customization“ • Choosing viewpoints and distances • Replaying important event parts • Skipping unimportant event parts • Highlighting event boundaries • Changing the presentation speed (e.g. slow motion) S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Working division between author and user shaping processing User Author Medium S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Characteristics of interactive media User processing shaping Internal vs. external modifying Author Medium Author vs. User S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Empirical questions • Do the interactivity-related decisions of the authors match the respective expectations of the users? • Do the users possess appropriate interaction strategies? • Does an interactive information presentation lead to more effective and / or efficient learning? Author vs. User Internal vs. external Whole System S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Example video S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Interactive behaviour Stops Slow motion Fast motion Changes in playing direction S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Variability of viewing time Standard deviation (sec) S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Viewing time Sec S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Practicing time Sec S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Overall learning time Sec S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools
Summary • Media allow for experiential customization in general • Interactive media allow for individualized customization • Necessary conditions • - Match between author and user • - Complementarity of external actions and internal processes • - Epistemic actions outweigh cognitive overhead S. Schwan – Interactive visualizations as cognitive tools