T ravelling

1. Travelling

2. Phonetic exercise We go by car And we go by train We go by boat, We go by plane. We go by land. And sea and air, We go, go, go From here to there.

3. The history of transport Transport has a long and interesting history. In old times people didn’t know anything about cars and bicycles, trams and trolleybuses. There were no buses minibuses, trains and planes. People traveled on foot, by horses, camels and coaches. It was not very convenient and fast. They travelled for long hours, even during weeks and months. Everything changed in the 19th century when people invented cars, trains and other means of modern transport. Life in small towns and big cities changed greatly. Coaches disappeared. You can see them only in films and museums.

4. Buses, trolleybuses and trams are the most popular means of transport. Of course, they are not very fast and too many people go by them on rush hours. Some buses, trolleybuses and trams have conductors and some have cash boxes. The conductors take your money. You must keep your ticket because an inspector sometimes wants to check it.

5. Nowadays minibuses ( or marshrutkas) as they are called in Ukraine) become very popular. They are faster than buses and trolleybuses. They can stop when and where you ask the driver to stop. During the rush hours too many people travel by minibuses.

6. The underground is quicker than the bus. It is the fastest and the most comfortable means of transport. It is called the Tube in London, the subway in New York and the metro in Rome, Paris and many other cities. You buy your ticket at the ticket - office, go down to the platform on the escalator. The train comes. The sliding doors open and you get on.

7. Many people like to travel by car. The advantages are: 1) you can make your own time – table; 2) you don’t have to buy a ticket; 3) you are not afraid to miss your train; 4) you can stop wherever you wish; 5) you can visit places you like. A taxi is a very comfortable way of travelling. It is good to take a taxi when you are in a hurry or the weather is bad. You can take a taxi in the street and go to your place. It is very simple, but expensive.

8. Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it nevertheless has its advantages. You can see the country you are travelling through and not only the clouds as you are flying. There are sleepers and dining – cars in passenger trains which make even the longest journey enjoyable. For long distance you can take a train or a long distance bus, usually called a coach, which is slower but cheaper.

9. Travelling by plane. The most convenient and the most expensive, the fastest way of travelling is by plane. With modern air – liner you can travel in one hour to a place which takes a day to travel by train. The seats are comfortable. You can sit and read, look out of the window or sleep until you arrive at your airport. The main advantages are speed, comfort and safety.

10. Travelling by ship. Some people like to travel by ship. Ships are not so fast at trains or plains, but a sea voyage or river trip is a very pleasant way of spending a holiday.

11. Перекладіть речення. Ти бачив? Я бачив. Я вже написав. Вона тільки що ( щойно) написала. Я ще не зрозумів. Я подумав.

12. Перекладіть речення, утворіть питальну і заперечну форму • Я щойно написала листа. • Оксана вже прочитала книги. • Діти щойно зліпили сніговита. • Петро подивився цікавий фільм.