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DNA

DNA. DNA is often called the blueprint of life . That is because DNA contains the instructions for making proteins. And proteins determine the traits of an organism (you, for example). . The Structure of DNA . Where is the DNA in these pictures?. Where is the DNA in these pictures?.

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DNA

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  1. DNA • DNA is often called the blueprint of life. • That is because DNA contains the instructions for making proteins. • And proteins determine the traits of an organism (you, for example).

  2. The Structure of DNA Where is the DNA in these pictures?

  3. Where is the DNA in these pictures? DNA is in the nucleus of each cell of this green plant and this green alligator. This is a model of a DNA molecule. DNA is in the nucleus of each cell in the flamingo, butDNA is not in the water.

  4. Chromosomes are made of a chemical called DNA. A gene is a short section of the DNA (a short section of a chromosome). So when we are talking about chromosomes, that also includes genes and DNA. Chromosomes and DNA DNA makes up genes makes up a chromosome

  5. Where are the chromosomes in this picture? Chromosomes and DNA Protected inside the nucleus. Let’s look closely.

  6. The Shape of the Molecule • DNA is a very long polymer. (poly +mer) • The basic shape is like a ladder or zipper that has been twisted. • That is why it is called a double helix. • There are two sides twisted around. Think of helicopter.

  7. The Double Helix Molecule • So the DNA double helix has two strands twisted together. Let’s look closely at one.

  8. One Strand of DNALike one side of a zipper phosphate • The side of the molecule is alternating phosphates and deoxyribose sugar • The teeth are nitrogenousbases. (4 different bases.) deoxyribose (sugar) bases

  9. Four nitrogenous bases DNA has four different bases: • Cytosine C • Adenine A • Thymine T • Guanine G

  10. One Strand of DNA nucleotide • phosphate-sugar-base pattern repeats; called a nucleotide • So one strand of DNA is a polymer of nucleotides. • One strand of DNA has many millions of nucleotides.

  11. Two-Stranded DNA • Remember, DNA has two strands that fit together something like a zipper. • And like a zipper, the two strands can unzip when they need to. • Why would they need to?

  12. For reproduction! • DNA • DNA http://www.lpscience.fatcow.com/jwanamaker/animations/DNA%20Lecture.html

  13. The earth is 150 billion meters or 93 million miles from the sun. DNA by the Numbers • Each cell has about 2 meters of DNA. • The average human has 75 trillion cells. • The average human has enough DNA to go from Earth to the Sun more than 400 times. • DNA has a diameter of only 0.000000002 meters.

  14. Any questions?

  15. End of notes.Plans

  16. Plans

  17. Plans

  18. Plans

  19. Plans

  20. More plans—DNA Charm NeclacesWhat you need: • D Detergent • N eNzyme • A Alcohol (cold rubbing alcohol)

  21. Origami DNA models • Color-code the bases • Cut off the white border • Fold according to the instructions

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