1 / 12

From Neutrality to War 1939-1941

From Neutrality to War 1939-1941. Outbreak of War in Europe. Hitler breaks Munich agreement, occupies Czechoslovakia Britain and France draw line at Poland Stalin (USSR) and Hitler sign nonaggression pact, secretly divide Poland . Outbreak of War in Europe. Invasion of Poland

nolen
Download Presentation

From Neutrality to War 1939-1941

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. From Neutrality to War 1939-1941

  2. Outbreak of War in Europe • Hitler breaks Munich agreement, occupies Czechoslovakia • Britain and France draw line at Poland • Stalin (USSR) and Hitler sign nonaggression pact, secretly divide Poland

  3. Outbreak of War in Europe • Invasion of Poland • September 1, 1939 • Britain and France declare war • Blitzkrieg strategy • Air Power • Fast tanks • Control of Scandinavia, France by spring of 1940

  4. Changing U.S. policy • Most opposed Hitler • Roosevelt believed British survival was necessary • Chipped away at neutrality laws • Massive aid to Britain was controversial • Cash and Carry • Less restrictive Neutrality Act • Arms if carried on their ships and paid cash • Strongly favored Britain

  5. Changing U.S. Policy • Selective Service Act (1940) • Compulsory military service/draft • All men 21-35 • 1.2 million troops • First draft during peacetime • Smaller proportion of resistors than WWI • 3x as many (6,000) • Destroyers-for-bases deal • Britain under constant attack • Couldn’t sell destroyers • 50 ships for right to build bases on Brit islands

  6. The Election of 1940 • 3 Term president? • Campaign • “Your boys are not going to be sent into any foreign wars.” • Wendell Willkie • GOP nominee • New Deal critic • Similar in view on war • Focused on 2-term limit • Result • 54% for Roosevelt

  7. Arsenal of Democracy • Four Freedoms • Proposed lending money to GB to buy war materiel • In defense of 4 freedoms • Speech, religion, from want, from fear • Lend-Lease Act • End cash and carry • Sell arms on credit • America-First vehemently opposed

  8. Arsenal of Democracy • Atlantic Charter • Secret meeting between Roosevelt and Churchill • Affirmed peace objectives • Self-determination for all • No territorial expansion • Free trade • Shoot-on-sight • U.S. escorts for British ships carrying lend-lease sales • American ship attacked by German • American ships to attack Germans on sight

  9. Disputes with Japan • Japan had expanded into Allied colonies • U.S. economic action • No steel or iron to any country except GB • Oil embargo • Negotiations • Needed oil for navy and AF • Japan would have to take resources • Invasion of China violation of Open Door • Unsuccessful, hope for delayed confrontation

  10. Pearl Harbor • December 7, 1941 • 2,400 deaths • 1,200 wounded • 20 warships • 150 airplanes

  11. Pearl Harbor • Partial surprise • High gov. officials aware of immanency of attack • Code broken • No exact target and date • Philippines, Dutch East Indies, Malaya • Declaration of War • Nearly Unanimous • Jeanette Rankin • First female Congressperson • ONLY congressperson to vote against both WWI and WWII

More Related