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Biogeochemical Cycles

Biogeochemical Cycles. Water Cycle. Defined : Movement of water through the atmosphere 75% of the earth is water 99% of water undrinkable (salty & frozen) Water recycles over and over. How Does Water Go Up?. Water rises into the atmosphere in two ways:

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Biogeochemical Cycles

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  1. Biogeochemical Cycles

  2. Water Cycle • Defined: Movement of water through the atmosphere • 75% of the earth is water • 99% of water undrinkable (salty & frozen) • Water recycles over and over

  3. How Does Water Go Up? • Water rises into the atmosphere in two ways: • Evaporation: Heat changes water from a liquid to a gas • Transpiration: Water evaporates from the leaves of plants through openings called stomata

  4. How Does Water Come Down? • Warm, moist air rises and eventually cools • Condensation: process where water vapor turns into a liquid • Rain, snow, sleet, or hail falls when water drops become heavy (Precipitation)

  5. Runoff: Water runs down hill into rivers, lakes, streams, oceans… Infiltration: Water soaks into the soil and collects as groundwater Process repeats Water on the Ground

  6. Animation ChallengeWhose water cycle animation is better?Some guy on the Internet???OrMr. Kobe’s??

  7. Animation #1 Water evaporates and rises

  8. Animation #1 Condensation: Clouds forms

  9. Animation #1 Precipitation: Water falls(rain, snow, sleet, or hail)

  10. Animation #1 Runoff: Water runs downhill

  11. Animation #1 Infiltration: Water soaks into the soil

  12. Animation #1 Cycle Repeats!

  13. Animation #2 The Hydrologic Cycle transpiration evaporation

  14. Animation #2 The Hydrologic Cycle condensation

  15. Animation #2 The Hydrologic Cycle precipitation

  16. Animation #2 The Hydrologic Cycle RUNOFF INFILTRATION

  17. Animation #2 The Hydrologic Cycle transpiration evaporation

  18. Oxygen Cycle • Autotrophs: Release O2 into atmosphere via photosynthesis • All life: Absorbs O2 to be used during cellular respiration • Respiration: creates ATP energy for cells O2 O2

  19. Carbon Cycle CO2 • Carbon = (organic molecules) carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids • Plants & autotrophs: • Intake: Absorb CO2 from atmosphere • Create glucose & sugar via photosynthesis • Output: Release CO2 during respiration CO2

  20. Carbon Cycle • Consumers • Intake: Carbon moves up the food chain as 1 feeds on another • Output: Release CO2 during respiration CO2 C CO2 C

  21. Carbon Cycle • Decomposers • Input: Feed on dead organic matter • Output: Release CO2 during respiration • Output: Organic molecules returned to soil during decomposition C C C

  22. Carbon Cycle • Human Industry • Output: Release CO2 into atmosphere when fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) are burned CO2

  23. Nitrogen Cycle N2 • N = 78% atmosphere (most unusable) • Soil Bacteria • Nitrogen fixation: convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia • Nitrification: ammonia converted into nitrates Ammonia Nitrates

  24. Nitrogen Cycle • Plants • Absorb nitrates through their roots Nitrates

  25. Nitrogen Cycle • Animals • Ingest nitrates through the food chain (plants eaten) Nitrates

  26. Nitrogen Cycle • Decomposers • Return ammonia to soil by feeding on dead matter Ammonia Ammonia Ammonia

  27. Nitrogen Cycle • Lightning • Energy breaks atmospheric nitrogen into Nitrogen oxide • Nitrogen oxide falls in rain to soil

  28. Phosphorus (P) Cycle • No phosphorus in atmosphere • Rocks • Phosphorus released by weathering of rocks P P

  29. Phosphorus (P) Cycle • Plants • Absorb P into their roots P

  30. Phosphorus (P) Cycle • Animals • Ingest P when plants eaten • P continues to move up food chain P

  31. Phosphorus (P) Cycle • Decomposers • Breakdown dead matter and release P into soil P P

  32. P Phosphorus (P) Cycle P P P • Human Contribution • Adding excess P from fertilizers • P washes into lakes, etc… • Excess P causes extreme algae growth P P

  33. Kobe Kuiz • Name and define the 6 stages of the water cycle. • How is oxygen released into the atmosphere? • In which cellular process is oxygen removed and used from the atmosphere? • Which organic molecule is created by photosynthesis? • In which cellular process is carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere? • How are humans disrupting the carbon cycle? • How does nitrogen fixation and nitrification differ? • How do plants obtain nitrogen? • Which objects release phosphorus over time? • How are humans disrupting the phosphorus cycle?

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