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J. Okumura, D. Mineyama , H. Watanabe, T. Nakamura, K. Otsuji ,

2008 October 9, Flux Emergence Workshop 2008, Kyoto, Japan. Three Dimensional Visualization of the Solar Corona and study of coronal cavity observed by Yohkoh /SXT and Hinode /XRT. J. Okumura, D. Mineyama , H. Watanabe, T. Nakamura, K. Otsuji , S. Aoki, E. Asano, and K. Shibata

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J. Okumura, D. Mineyama , H. Watanabe, T. Nakamura, K. Otsuji ,

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  1. 2008 October 9, Flux Emergence Workshop 2008, Kyoto, Japan Three Dimensional Visualization of the Solar Coronaand study of coronal cavity observed by Yohkoh/SXT and Hinode/XRT J. Okumura, D. Mineyama, H. Watanabe, T. Nakamura, K. Otsuji, S. Aoki, E. Asano, and K. Shibata Department of Astronomy & Kwasan and Hida Observatories, Kyoto University

  2. Content 1. Introduction 2. How to make 3D movies 3. Brief report about cavity SXT

  3. Introduction Solar corona SXT • Magnetically Dominated • Source of solar wind • Solar flares and Corona Mass Ejection(CME) • Space weather forecast

  4. Introduction Why X-ray? • We can see the magnetic structure of the solar corona Why 3D? • the origin of coronal activity is closely related to 3D configuration of magnetic fields

  5. Introduction To know the three dimensional structure of the solar corona… STEREO (2006-) reveal three dimensional structure of solar corona using simultaneous observation with two satellites. 100” Aschwanden et al.(2008)

  6. Introduction SXT Yohkoh/SXT（1991-2001） Spectral range : 3-45Å(0.3-4.1keV) spatial resolution 2.5’’/pix Hinode/XRT (2006-) Spectral range : 6-200Å(0.06-2.1keV) spatial resolution 1’’/pix (SXT=Soft X-ray Telescope) XRT (XRT=X-Ray Telescope) 2007/01/01 21:54:45.6

  7. Introduction Two projection equipments Special kind of screen (reflects polarized light) (Watching 3D movies with polarized glasses at Kyoto University Museum)

  8. Yohkoh/SXT

  9. How to make 3D solar movie Yohkoh was taking the full Sun soft X-ray images approximately every 20 minutes We make images put in the same interval! 30 min Time 5 hours

  10. How to make 3D solar movie Yohkoh was taking the full Sun soft X-ray images approximately every 20 minutes We make images put in the same interval! past 7 Images future 7 Images Time 5 hours

  11. How to make 3D solar movie We rotate these 14 images (interpolation) (Rigid body rotation model rotating in 27.5 days) … … Time 5 hours

  12. How to make 3D solar movie 14 Images Modified 14 Images

  13. How to make 3D solar movie t t+7 hours Left eye Right eye

  14. Hinode/XRT First Hinode 3D movie!!

  15. Cavity

  16. Cavity

  17. Cavity

  18. Cavity X-ray Hα 2006/12/18 2007/01/01 2007/01/07 08:28:20 2007/01/13 2007/01/27 2007/01/11 09:10:20 2007/02/11 2007/02/26 ? ? 2007/01/12 09:45:52 Hinode/XRT Kanzelhoehe Solar Observatory

  19. Cavity dark circular X-ray void (sometimes with core) 1991/11/19 1991/12/12 1992/01/07 1992/07/16 1992/08/23 1993/02/17 (Yohkoh/SXT)

  20. Cavity dark circular X-ray void (sometimes with core) 1995/06/19 1995/01/11 1997/07/21 1995/01/11 1997/09/12 1997/11/19 1997/11/06 (Yohkoh/SXT)

  21. Cavity 1. We found 153 cavities - 110 appeared on the east limb - 43 appeared on the west limb 2. Cavity and Eruption 3. Polar cavity??

  22. Cavity-Eruption relation

  23. Cavity-Eruption relation

  24. Cavity-Eruption relation

  25. Cavity-Eruption relation

  26. Cavity-Eruption relation

  27. Cavity-Eruption relation

  28. Polar Cavity? 1991/11/04 1992/01/26 1992/01/26

  29. Polar Cavity?

  30. Cavity-Eruption relation

  31. Cavity-Eruption relation

  32. Cavity-Eruption relation

  33. Cavity-Eruption relation

  34. Cavity-Eruption relation

  35. Cavity-Eruption relation

  36. Cavity-Eruption relation

  37. Cavity-Eruption relation

  38. Cavity-Eruption relation

  39. Summary Three dimensional visualization of solar corona • We made stereoscopic movies, using data for 10 years taken by Yohkoh/SXT • We made stereoscopic Hinode movies for the first time in the world • We can see the faint structure of the solar corona in3D Cavity • We discovered many cavities • We found many eruptions after appearance of cavity • Cavity may be utilized as a sign of a future eruption (In future, we will make a statistical analysis and determine the three dimensional structure of cavity)

  40. Cavity appeared on the west limb

  41. Cavity appeared on the west limb

  42. Rotation of images

  43. Rotation of images

  44. Rotation of images

  45. Image correction

  46. Unsharpmask

  47. Cavity-Eruption relation

  48. Cavity-Eruption relation

  49. Cavity-Eruption relation

  50. Polar Cavity

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