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Renewable Energy Policies in Europe

Renewable Energy Policies in Europe. Annemarije van Dijk Energy research Institute of The Netherlands ECN Policy Studies. RE in Europe RE policy targets Main policy instruments Examples of policies Conclusions. AGENDA. RE electricity compared to total EU production. source: EUROSTAT.

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Renewable Energy Policies in Europe

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  1. Renewable Energy Policies in Europe Annemarije van Dijk Energy research Institute of The Netherlands ECN Policy Studies

  2. RE in Europe RE policy targets Main policy instruments Examples of policies Conclusions AGENDA

  3. RE electricity compared to total EU production source: EUROSTAT • Total electricity production: 2500 TWh • Total RE electricity: 375 TWh (15%) • EU Target 2010: 22%

  4. Economic Drivers Security of Supply Rural electrification Labour Promoting local industry Economic Cohesion Environmental Drivers Reducing Emissions Reducing Climate Change Other local and regional environmental benefits Social Drivers Public Support Social Cohesion Promoting regional en local social development Other Drivers Economical Optimisation Global Equity and corporate social responsibility Why support renewable energy?

  5. Costs of RE electricity production costs in 2010 ‘grey’ electricity production: 3-5 eurocent/kWh source: REBUS, ECN 2001

  6. Direct instruments Policy instruments with financial incentives Obligations or agreements Indirect instruments and policy context Procedures and regulations for renewable energy project implementation Awareness, training and education Disincentives for non-renewable options How to stimulate the market for renewable energy?

  7. Financial Non-financial R&D Investment Production Consumption Direct and indirect support instruments and framework Planning procedures Awareness, training, education Green electricity market Price of fossil fuels and ‘grey electricity

  8. Direct policy instruments for production and consumption

  9. Feed-in tariffs- Germany

  10. Bidding- Ireland

  11. Austria - 2001 small hydro Belgium: Flanders-2002, Wallonia end 2002 Italy - 2002 Netherlands - July 2001 Sweden - 2003 UK - April 2002 Green certificate systems

  12. Tradable Quota with Green Certificates-UK Obligation: 3% of sales in 2002/2003 10.4 % of sales in 2010/2011 Buyout price 48 Euro/MWh www.greenprices.com

  13. International trade in Green certificates

  14. Regulating Energy Tax (REB) Exemption of the REB on renewable electricity consumption (indirect measure) Production subsidy to renewable electricity generators from the REB revenues Stimulating demand through priceThe Netherlands

  15. Voluntary Green Labels - Germany www.greenprices.com

  16. Environmental Action Plan 1991-2000 Energy efficiency and renewable energy (obligation on result from 1997) Financed by: subsidy, fiscal measures, MAP premium tariff, Green Labels Negotiated agreements- Netherlands

  17. For example: Planning procedures and permits for installation Grid access regulations Environmental regulations (eg limits on landfill) Disincentives for non-renewable options- increase of taxes on fossil fuels Awareness, training and education Indirect measures

  18. Taxes on ‘grey’ electricity

  19. Many options for stimulation of RE Evaluate on effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, national priorities No ‘one best way’ Summary and Conclusions

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