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By Marion Robinson Education 703.23 Spring 2010

Parental Involvement : How effective is parental involvement in helping raise the math achievement levels of students?. By Marion Robinson Education 703.23 Spring 2010. Table of Contents. Research Design Threats to Internal Validity Threats to External Validity Proposed Data Graphs

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By Marion Robinson Education 703.23 Spring 2010

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  1. Parental Involvement : How effective is parental involvement in helping raise the math achievement levels of students? By Marion Robinson Education 703.23 Spring 2010

  2. Table of Contents • Research Design • Threats to Internal Validity • Threats to External Validity • Proposed Data • Graphs • References

  3. Research Design • Pre- Experimental • One-Group Pretest-Posttest • Symbolic design: O ₁ X O₂ 1. A group is pretested 2. Administered a treatment 3. A posttest is given to the group • Groups are not randomly assigned

  4. Threats to Internal Validity • History: an event happens between the pretest and posttest that effects the dependent variable. • Maturation: when a physical or mental change happens overtime that effects participants’ performance on the dependant variable. • Testing/Pre-test Sensitization: the scores on the pretest are possibly due to participants having been given a pretest. • Statistical Regression: students score high on the pretest and lower on the posttest or score low on the pretest and high on the posttest.

  5. Threats to External Validity • Selection Treatment Interaction: students are not randomly assigned which limits the generalizability of a study. • Reactive Effects: The Hawthorne Effect and John Henry Effect- Participants behave differently because thy are participating in a study. • Experimenter Effects: The researcher might consciously or unconsciously act in a way that influences that way participant responds or performs.

  6. Proposed Data • Questionnaires • Surveys • Pre and Post tests

  7. The correlation coefficient reveals that there is a fair (high-end) correlation.

  8. The chart and graph below shows the mean, median and mode of the pretest scores and the posttest scores.

  9. References O’Conner-Petruso. (2008). Statistics, Scales, Analysis, Threats, and Design. Presented at an Edu. 703.22 lecture at Brooklyn College

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