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VISUAL DOCUMENTS IN THE PRESS

VISUAL DOCUMENTS IN THE PRESS. Front covers , maps , cartoons and photographs. Illustration from United Mine Workers Journal . Indianapolis, Indiana.  August 3, 1916. “AFTER TWO YEARS: WHO WANTS ME ?”.

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VISUAL DOCUMENTS IN THE PRESS

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  1. VISUAL DOCUMENTS IN THE PRESS Front covers, maps, cartoons and photographs

  2. Illustration from United Mine Workers Journal. Indianapolis, Indiana.  August 3, 1916. “AFTER TWO YEARS: WHO WANTS ME?”. In the top left hand corner a man, holding a book, isgazingat the letters of the title. In the very top, above the title, the miners’ mottoisprinted. In the top part of the page, the titleisprinted in black and white capital letters/ block letters/ upper case. An illustration, featuring the allegory of deathstridingacross a field of miners and holding a scythe, isinset in the middle of the page. The background is made up of an engravingrepresenting an industrial city. At the bottom of the page, the details of the publication are given (place and date). On eachside of the inset/ frame, a white cloudmay conjure up/ evoke the pollution due to intensive mining and industrialisation.

  3. THE COVER The layout: mise en page The masthead: the "banner" across the front page which identifies the newspaper and the date of publication ; the publication information on the editorial page A perfect balance between text and photographs enables the readers to assess the reliability of the information and to read in an entertaining way. An insight is given into the main articles in the issue: the lead (first sentences of an article) or the opening paragraphs of features are printed on the front page. Much space is allotted to the photograph illustrating the article on Kuwait. Two salient headlines are printed on each part of the main photograph as well as the deck, or subtitle.

  4. Qualitypapers Which of theseelementsmay help you gauge the reliability of a paper ? • The spacedevoted to colourphotographs • The table of content • The phrasing (formulation) of the headlines • The typography • The format of the pages • The price of the issue • The graphs and tables inset in the articles • The figures or quotationsgiven to back up the demonstrations • The names of the columnist • The tone of the editorial

  5. Write a brief description of thiscover. Clearancejobs.com Since Sept. 11, 2001, the top-secret world created to respond to the terrorist attacks has grown into an unwieldy enterprise spread over 10,000 U.S. locations.

  6. RecyclingUncle Sam The original poster showing Uncle Sam recruiting men for the U.S. Army was created by James Montgomery Flagg in 1916. It was used in 1917-18 when the country entered World War I. This image is therefore associated with the war effort. The image became extraordinarily popular and was adapted for use in WWII as well as for several advertising campaigns. Uncle Sam is one of the most popular personifications of the United States. However, the term "Uncle Sam" is of somewhat obscure derivation.

  7. Commentingupon a cover The Washington Post is an American qualitypapercoveringboth home affairs and international events. It targetswell-educatedreaders. This coverissober and well-balanced. There is more textthanvisualelements. The leadisorganizedis one columnintroduced by an eye-catchingred initial letter. Twootherfeatures are partlydisplayed on the right to give the readersan insight intothe content of the issue. The masthead, with the paper’stitleprinted in gothicstyle letters, and the banner titleare sober. Interspacedbetween the texts are twovisualelements: a catchyphotographthatillustrates the lead and a map of the U.S. synthetising the data backing up the the main article. Though the coveristypical of broadsheets, the title of the lead and the photograph are rathersensationalsincetheyhighlightthreat and danger.

  8. Givingintosensationalism Sensationalize a story Attention-grabbingdetails Tear-jerking stories The emotionalappeal of close-ups Unnewsworthy stories Sympathizewith the victims Spice up a story withluriddetails on Trivialisation of Scaremongering (causingunwarrantedfears over) Downgrade a paper (bring a paperfurther down-market)

  9. News magazine Ex: Newsweek Founded by Thomas J.C. Martyn, a former foreign editor at Time magazine, Newsweek was first published on Feb. 17, 1933. Today, Newsweek has a worldwide circulation of more than 4 million. Content: Newsweek offers comprehensive coverage of world events with a global network of correspondents, reporters and editors covering national and international affairs, business, science and technology, society and the arts and entertainment. Newsweek also features respected commentators Newsweek.com offers the weekly magazine online, daily news updates, Web-only columns from Newsweek's top writers, photo galleries, audio and video reports from correspondents, podcasts, mobile content and archives. Newsweek's editorial staff is based in New York. Like many news magazine, News week targets middle-aged male readers mainly. Its readership is mostly upper middle-class.

  10. News magazine Worthnoticing on thiscover are: • The eye-catchingmasthead: the white lettersstand out veryclearlyagainst the redstripe; redcanalsobefound in the bottom part of the page, whichgives the price of the paper. • The banner headline set in very large white lettersthat match the photograph. • The photograph of Berlusconi illustrating the headline perfectly(pursedlips, tensewrinkled face, wearyeyes). • A second top story, or feature story isadvertised in the very top part of the page.

  11. Source: Audit Bureau of Circulations 2008 figures based on publisher’s statements for the first half of 2008

  12. TIME MAGAZINE

  13. Two issues on Global Warming

  14. Tabloids

  15. StudyingMaps:Which aspects of the article isillustrated by the map? Is the mapsupporting one particularview point or isitneutral? Is the mapclearenough ? Are the colourswell-chosen? Do they have an illustrative funvtion or are theyarbitrary? Are the legendsilluminating, easilyunderstandable and comprehensive?Is thereanothertextsurrounding the map? Are theresymbols and if itis the case are they relevant? Is the scaleindicated? Is itwelladapted? Is there a second map, either more general or an enlargementthatfacilitates the understanding? Is the mapvisuallycatchy?

  16. Maps An aerialview of / an overallview of / a closerview of / to zoom in on a conflict-ridden part of the country Borderssignalled by thicklines / dottedlines Areas maybeoutlined or coloured (the colours must betelling) Mountainous areas appear in differentshades of brown The delineation/ mappingmaybesimplified The major communication routes (highways, railways, thoroughfares, etc.) maybefeatured Rivers maybeincluded

  17. Cartoons, Sunday 29 March 2009 A LAUGHABLE SITUATION BE THE LAUGHING STOCK OF TURN SOMEONE INTO RIDICULE MAKE FUN OF SOMEONE DISTORT THE FEATURES OF CARICATURE SOMEONE’S BEHAVIOUR MAKE SOMEONE LOOK LIKE… Brown isportrayed as Superman withblown-up muscles. Brown isdepicted as a super hero. The cartoonist provides the viewerswith a laughableportarit of PM Gordon Brown. Brown looks terriblyridiculous, fat and overweight as heis.

  18. The politicalcontext of the cartoon British Prime Minister Gordon Brown triggered laughter in parliament on Wednesday when he accidentally said he had saved the world during questions about the global financial crisis. The gaffe was seized on by Brown's political opponents and by newspaper cartoonists, who depict him as "Super Gordon," the economic savior who is convinced only he can deliver the world from the financial turmoil.

  19. PHOTOGRAPHS: going against the trend Left: President-elect Barack Obama spent election night in his hometown of Chicago with a close group of family and staff. (Daily News)

  20. British soldierkilled in Afghanistan, Thursday 1 April, The Guardian

  21. Heatwave in Russia: text and image In a piece of news that may sound bizarre to some, record-breaking temperatures in Russia are causing a rash of deaths by drowning. Over 1,200 have drowned recently, sometimes combining swimming with alcohol to seek relief from temperatures approaching 40C (104F). An official from Russia’s Emergencies Ministry attributed most of the drowning deaths to this dangerous mix.

  22. Text and image A Russian man watches a forest fire burn in Beloomut. Photograph: Andrey Smirnov/AFP/Getty Images The death toll from hundreds of wildfires across Russia rose to 34 today as more than 2,200 people were left homeless. Whole settlements have been engulfed by the flames, caused by an unprecedented heatwave in which temperatures have reached 42C in central and western parts of the country. State media showed footage of burning cottages, and groups of residents passing buckets of water from hand to hand. Several villages in the Nizhny Novgorod, Voronezh and Ryazan regions were reduced to drifts of ash. One man showed the melted engine of his car.

  23. News footage

  24. Charts Pay attention to: The titlegiven to the chart: isit an interpretation of the chart or a mere descriptive element? The type of chart (bar chart, a pie chart) and the coloursthat are used; The time span or the period over which the studywasconducted; The source of the information: isit visible and reliable? The geographical scope of the research; The sampling; The relation with the otherelements on the page.

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