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Genetic Mutations

Genetic Mutations. What is a Genetic Mutation?. A mutation is a change in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell. Mutations may occur in any cell of the body and may be the result of one or several unpredictable factors. What is a Genetic Mutation cont’d.

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Genetic Mutations

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  1. Genetic Mutations

  2. What is a Genetic Mutation? • A mutation is a change in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell. • Mutations may occur in any cell of the body and may be the result of one or several unpredictable factors.

  3. What is a Genetic Mutation cont’d • If the mutations affect the reproductive cells, they can be passed from one generation to the next • Mutations that affect other cells of the body are not inheritable.

  4. Environmental Factors • Some mutations are caused by environmental factors: • 1) Overexposure to sunlight • 2) Pollutions • 3) Pesticides

  5. DDT and Bald Eagles

  6. Lifestyle Factors • If you live an unhealthy lifestyle by taking: • 1) Toxins (alcohol, drugs, etc) • 2) Carcinogens (smoking, etc) • 3) Food additives • These can cause mutations in a person or in a developing fetus.

  7. PHENYLKETONURIA (or PKU) • Causes mental deficiency • Effects can be lessened by changing the diet of the individual with the mutation.

  8. Types of Mutations • Many cancers are caused by such mutations. • Not all mutations are harmful. Many have no effect, or cause slight, harmless changes • An organism may not appear mutant at all (in other words, though it’s genotype is mutant, its phenotype is normal)

  9. Types of Mutations • Occasionally, mutations arise that are beneficial to organisms • For example, some bacteria may have developed resistance to antibiotics in this manner

  10. How mutations occur? • fetal exposure to alcohol • overexposure to sunlight • radiation • carcinogens • food additives • hormone mimics • pollution • pesticides • Non prescription drugs • German measles or other infectious diseases

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