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Fungi

Fungi. Nutrition and Habitat - Decomposers/Absorptive heterotrophs - saprobic, parasitic, mutualistic. Structure - hyphae form mycellium. Coenocytic and septate hyphae. Growth and Reproduction. Classification of Fungi. Chytridiomycota - uniflagellated spores

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Fungi

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  1. Fungi

  2. Nutrition and Habitat - Decomposers/Absorptive heterotrophs - saprobic, parasitic, mutualistic

  3. Structure - hyphae form mycellium

  4. Coenocytic and septate hyphae

  5. Growth and Reproduction

  6. Classification of Fungi Chytridiomycota - uniflagellated spores - link to protists? Zygomycota - zygosporangia - black bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) Asomycota - spores produced in asci (sac-like structure) - truffles (Tuber melanosporum) Basidiomycota - spores formed in basidiocarps - mushrooms

  7. Chytridiomycota

  8. Zygomycota

  9. Above: The common mold Rhizopus decomposing strawberries Right: Pilobolus aiming its sporangia. Pilobolus, the hat thrower. Pilobolus is a dung-loving (coprophilous) fungus. Spores are dispersed up to 2 m away and stick to grass blades in the vicinity. The grass and caps are eventually eaten by herbivores.

  10. Asomycota

  11. (a) Antheridial elements of ascomycetes. The structures that donate nuclei during fertilization in ascomycetes are collectively called antheridial elements; (b) Asci after meiosis and shows the development of ascospores to a point where they have nearly reached full size, but still do not have fully mature spore walls; (c) The tips of two mature asci that are ready to shoot their mature Ascospores into the air.

  12. Clockwise: Scarlet cup; the Yellow morel; truffels

  13. Basidiomycota

  14. Fungal gills, Hypholoma fasciculare (Basidiomycota). The gills hang down from the cap in a tightly packed array. By producing gills in this way the mushroom can increase the surface area of the fertile layer (hymenium) by a factor of 20 or more.

  15. Molds, Yeasts, Lichens and Mycorrhizae - represent unique lifestyles that evolved independently Molds Penicillium on an orange, soft rot of citrus. The name Penicillium comes from penicillus = brush, and this is based on the brush-like appearance of the fruiting structure under the microscope.

  16. Yeasts - unicellular fungi that inhabit moist habitats - Saccharomyces cerevisiae - baker/brewer yeast - Candida - inhabit human epithelial tissue - AIDS patients

  17. Lichens - symbiotic association b/n fungi and algae - mutual exploitation - tough, resistant; but sensitive to air pollution

  18. Mycorrhizae - mutualistic associations with plant roots - increases the absorptive surface area of plant roots - exchange of minerals between plant and fungus

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