Thomas Cavendish , Sir Francis Drake, Sir John Hawkins

1. Explorers through time Thomas Cavendish , Sir Francis Drake, Sir John Hawkins

2. In the Tudor period Europeans began to explore the world more than ever before. Some of those who left their homeland and journeyed across the seas were looking for new lands and peoples to trade with, some were looking for better and quicker routes to China and India. People like : Christopher Columbus -Columbus was born in 1451 before the Tudor period, but he set sail on his great adventure in 1492 and died three years before Henry VIII became king. Francis Drake – The first Englishman to sail around the world between 1577 and 1580. Walter Raleigh- born in 1552, he led many expeditions to America There were many more – do your own research to find out who they were and what they did

3. Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) • In fourteen hundred and ninety-two,Columbus sailed the ocean blue.He took three ships with him, too,And called aboard his faithful crew.Mighty, strong and brave was heAs he sailed across the open sea.Some people still thought the world was flat!Can you even imagine that? • http://www.mce.k12tn.net/explorers/christopher_columbus.htm

4. Christopher Columbus • Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer and was called ‘the admiral of the ocean’. • He was a wonderful sailor. When he was a teenager, he was shipwrecked off Cape St Vincent, which is on the Spanish coast. He climbed on a log and paddled back to Portugal. • Columbus is the man who discovered America for the Europeans. With money from the King and Queen of Spain, he set sail with three ships in 1492. He landed on Cuba and Haiti. • Another trip in 1498 took him to the coast of America. Columbus thought he had landed in India. Like all Europeans at this time, he believed the only large landmasses in the world were Europe and Asia. Columbus died in 1506, a disappointed man. He died still believing that he had found a new route to the East Indies. Later, Europeans understood that Columbus had discovered a continent, and called America the ‘New World.’

5. Sea maidens and monsters surround the boat in this picture. In the 15th century, people believed the sea was filled with strange creatures. Christopher Columbus stands on deck, wearing the armour of a soldier. His name is written at his feet. The flags carry symbols of the Christian faith. The artist is telling us this is a warrior who travelled the dangerous oceans with the blessing of his God.

6. Francis Drake (1545-1596) Francis Drake was born in Tavistock, Devon. His grandparents, and probably his parents, were farmers. Records are not clear about his birth, it is safe to say it was around 1540. He was the eldest of 12 sons. While Francis was still young they moved to Kent where his father scraped a living as a preacher to the navy. Francis became involved with what was to become the focus of his life - sailing. He died in 1596 from a tropical disease, probably Yellow Fever, on his flag ship Defiance. He was buried at sea off Puerto Bello, Panama, in a lead coffin.

7. Sir Francis Drake Drake was a British explorer and navy captain. He sailed round the world between 1577 and 1580 in his ship the Golden Hind.     The Spanish had conquered much of central and South America by 1550. Their fleets carried back large amounts of gold and silver to Spain. English ships used to attack these treasure ships and steal their goods.     Drake's ships captured a huge amount of gold and silver on their trip around the world. When he returned home in 1580 he was knighted.     The Spanish gathered a fleet in Cadiz harbour in 1587, ready to invade England. Drake sailed into the harbour and destroyed over 20 of the Spanish warships. Drake called this the "singeing of the King of Spain's beard".

8. Sir Walter Raleigh (1552-1618) Raleigh was an adventurer and explorer, heled an expedition to the New World and claimed North Carolina and Virginia for England. The story goes that Sir Walter Raleigh spread his cloak in front of Queen Elizabeth so that she did not have to stand in a puddle. There is no evidence that this is the case, but he did become a favourite of Queen Elizabeth I. Sir Walter Raleigh arranged for The Ark Royal to be built. It was one of the ships used to fight the Spanish Armada.

10. Modern Day Explorers "One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."

11. Modern Day Explorers On July 20, 1969, the human race accomplished its single greatest technological achievement of all time when a human first set foot on another celestial body. Six hours after landing at 4:17 p.m., (with less than 30 seconds of fuel remaining), Neil A. Armstrong took the “Small Step” into our greater future when he stepped off the Lunar Module, named “Eagle,” onto the surface of the Moon, from which he could look up and see Earth in the heavens as no one had done before him. He was shortly joined by “Buzz” Aldrin, and the two astronauts spent 21 hours on the lunar surface and returned 46 pounds of lunar rocks. After their historic walks on the Moon, they successfully docked with the Command Module “Columbia,” in which Michael Collins was patiently orbiting the cold but no longer lifeless Moon.

12. Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay were the first two men to successfully climb Mt. Everest. Edmund Hillary (right) pictured after is knighthood with trek leader John Hunt

13. "We didn’t know if it was humanly possible to reach the top of Mt. Everest. And even using oxygen as we were, if we did get to the top, we weren’t at all sure whether we wouldn’t drop dead or something of that nature."

14. Roald Amundson 1872 - 1928One of the greatest polar explorers, the Norwegian Amundson was the first to reach the South Pole, the first to make a ship voyage through the Northwest Passage in the Arctic and one of the first to cross the Arctic by air.

15. Sir Ranulph Fiennes (1944- ) Sir Ranulph Fiennes (1944- ) is an English explorer and author who has led over 30 expeditions to the North and South Poles, the desert, the Nile, and many other remote places. In 1982, Fiennes led the first polar circumnavigation of the Earth. In 1992, Fiennes and others found the legendary Lost City of Ubar in the desert of Oman. In 1993, Fiennes and Dr. Mike Stroud made the first unsupported walk across the continent of Antarctica, each man dragging a 500-pound sledge. Fiennes holds many world exploration records. The Guiness Book of Records described Fiennes as "the world's greatest living explorer."

16. Robert Falcon Scott (1868-1912) "Scott of the Antarctic" is the most famous of all the Polar explorers. He is best known for his legendary and fatal attempt to be the first to reach the South Pole. His team succeeded in reaching the pole, though did so a month after the Norwegian Amundsen and his party Despite Scott and Amundsen's shared aim to reach the Pole first, they differed in how they organised their expeditions. From the type of men they chose to the food and equipment they took, the differences were marked. In the extreme and hostile conditions of the Antarctic, getting the smallest details right or wrong can mean the difference between life and death.

17. Jacques Cousteau(1910 – 1997) Jacques-Yves Cousteau was a French undersea explorer and has been called the "explorer of the world of silence". He invented SCUBA and pioneered unaided deep sea diving and underwater photography. The world owes most of its knowledge of ocean life to the television programmes of Jacques Cousteau. This led to him being given the nickname: "Captain Planet".

18. Why do people explore? Have the reasons for exploration changed since Tudor times?