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A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks In Time

A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks In Time. Presented By Wenjia Pan. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks. It allows to control When each reaction begins For how long each reaction evolves When each reaction is analyzed or quenched.

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A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks In Time

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  1. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks In Time Presented By Wenjia Pan

  2. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • It allows to control • When each reaction begins • For how long each reaction evolves • When each reaction is analyzed or quenched

  3. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Why microscopic chemical reactions? • Traditionally, macroscopic • Labs, using test tubes and etc. • Advantages to perform chemical reactions in microscopic: • To manipulate, process and analyze molecular reaction on the micrometer to nanometre scale

  4. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Applications • Parallel combinational chemical reactions • No impurity • No cross-contamination • nanomaterial synthesis • Allow user to synthesize species of specific yet variable characteristics. • Integrated microfluidic bioprocessor • thermal cycling • sample purification • capillary electrophoresis http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7101/full/nature05062.html

  5. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Linear transform: t = d/u • t: time used for reaction [s] • d: distance traveled [m] • u: flow rate [m/s] • Setup: • Initial: d = 0  t = 0 • At constant velocity: t = d/u

  6. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • 3 Types of behavior in fluid dynamics • Laminar flow (Re < 2100) • Transition flow (2100 < Re < 3000) • Turbulent flow (Re > 3000) • Microfluidic system: laminar flow • Re: Reynolds number

  7. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Reynolds Number • Vs: the velocity of the flow [m/s] • P : the density [kg/m3] • L : the diameter of the capillary [m] • : the viscosity of the fluid [kg/ms] • V : the kinetic fluid viscosity

  8. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Reynolds number • To quantify the relative importance of the inertial forces and the viscous forces • To identify if it is laminar/turbulent flow http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/L/laminar_flow.html

  9. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • From left top corner, clockwise: Re = 1.54,(9.6, 13.1, 26), 105 http://www.media.mit.edu/physics/pedagogy/nmm/student/95/aries/mas864/obstacles.html

  10. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • A comparison: • Top: Re = 150 • Bottom: Re =105 http://www.media.mit.edu/physics/pedagogy/nmm/student/95/aries/mas864/obstacles.html

  11. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Challenges • Mixing is slow • d = 0 NOT => t=0 • Dispersion is large • Velocity is not consistent. • t = d/u is a range. ANGEWAND Edition 42(7) : 768 – 772, 2003

  12. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Practical model described here • Mixing is faster • Dispersion eliminated ANGEWAND Edition 42(7): 768 – 772, 2003

  13. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Methods described • For forming plugs of multiple solutions of reagents • For using chaotic advection to achieve rapid mixing • For splitting and merging these plugs in order to create microfluidic networks

  14. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Plugs of solutions of reagent A and B • A, B: 2 laminar streams • Separating stream: inert center stream • Diffusion will be slow • Water immiscible perfluorodecaline (PFD) • Inert • Immiscible with water • Organic solvents • Does not swell PDMS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polydimethylsiloxane

  15. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Plug Forming: • Mixes left and right, NOT top and the bottom • Laminar flow preserved

  16. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Chaotic advection: rapid mixing • Fluid cavity experiments • Simultaneous motion • Time-periodic, alternating motion ANGEWAND Edition 42(7) : 768 – 772, 2003

  17. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Microfluidic system • Similar situation • Different frame of reference • Flow cavity experiment: reference = the fluid • Microfluidic system: reference = walls ANGEWAND Edition 42(7) : 768 – 772, 2003

  18. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks ANGEWAND Edition 42(7) : 768 – 772, 2003

  19. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks ANGEWAND Edition 42(7): 768 – 772, 2003

  20. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Splitting and merging • Merging: • Merging channel: wide main channel • Small droplets move more slowly • Driven with pressure ANGEWAND Edition 42(7) : 768 – 772, 2003

  21. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Splitting • Constricting the channel at the branching points • Be subjected to pressure gradients ANGEWAND Edition 42(7) : 768 – 772, 2003

  22. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Conclusion • Advantages • Planar • Trivia to fabricate • Disposable plastic chip • Available equipment • Applications • High-throughout screening • Combinational synthesis • Analysis • diagnostics

  23. A Microfluidic System for Controlling Reaction Networks • Summary • Strengths: • Controllable and rapid mixing • Able to build complex microfluidic networks • Weakness: • Hard to extract the vast amount of information produced in a complex networks http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7101/fig_tab/nature05062_F6.html

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