Cement Kiln Co-processing An essential part of the waste management toolkit

1. Cement Kiln Co-processingAn essential part of the waste management toolkit Dumisani Tembe Egmont Ottermann Presentation to the Environmental Portfolio Committee 11 March 2008

2. Economic Growth • Victims of our own economic success as a nation • Economic success has created sustainability challenges Energy Efficiency Challenges Waste Management Challenges Air Quality Challenges

3. Energy Challenge • South Africa’s coal resources under pressure • Cement industry faces similar problems to Eskom (quantity and quality of coal) • The cement industry risks becoming non-competitive internationally due to excessive resource input cost locally • Solution: better utilisation of available energy resources

4. Waste Management Challenge EU decision on Waste Hierarchy 13 February 2007 Prevent Re-use Recycle Recovery (Including Co-processing) Dispose (including incineration, landfill, chemical treatment )

5. Co-processing • The South African Way: • We solve problems with existing resources! • We solve many problems with one solution! • Using Internationally accepted best practice. • Co-processing is normal practice in the cement industry world-wide • Co-processing benefits recognised by WWF

6. Pre-calciner • Gases: ~1200 °C • Raw meal: ~900 °C • Raw meal • CaO/CaCO3 • SiO2 • Fe203 • Al2O3 • Combustion gases: 1800-2200°C • Time > 4- 6 sec at >1450 °C • Clinker : 1450°C > 15 min. Gases self-cleaning (CaO) No ash All minerals in final product Co-processing in a cement kiln

7. Air Quality Challenges • Potentially a non-issue because emissions are controllable • The emissions from the co-processing of waste are essentially the same as when using conventional fuels. • EPA - FR40 CFR Part 60 • European Union • Stockholm Convention • Co-processing should take place in a regulated environment.

8. Co-processing and Climate Change

9. Energy Efficiency Effective Waste Management Unchanged Emission Standards Sustainable Co-processing

10. Perceptions and Trust • Acknowledge concerns of stakeholders • Communities • NGOs • Public representatives • Cement kiln co-processing is controversial, but accepted internationally as best practice. • We will implement international best practice, to generate confidence and build trust.

11. Co-benefits • With co-processing: • Waste is diverted from landfills • Natural resource usage is reduced • Climate change impact is reduced • Jobs are created and empowerment is enhanced • National solution (kilns in all provinces except Free State)

12. ACMP Undertakings on Co-Processing • We will ensure occupational health and safety • We will keep our environment safe • We will not accept listed banned wastes • We will guarantee the quality of our products • We will offer waste management solutions to our partners • We will comply with relevant legislation and promote best practices. • We will communicate transparently

13. Meeting Energy Challenges Prevent Re-use Recycle Co-processing = Co-Benefits! Recover Meeting Environmental Challenges Meeting Waste Management Challenges Dispose

14. Conclusion Indeed, co-processing is a sustainable solution that is an important part of the waste management toolkit in South Africa. The ACMP would be honoured to host the committee at a cement operation, as requested in the previous meetings.

15. We would be glad to take you questions and listen to your comments. Thank You Dumisani Tembe - 084 491 1184 Egmont Ottermann - 082 650 7237