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The Cold War: War of Ideology

This article explores the origins of the Cold War, with a focus on the United Nations, the Iron Curtain, containment, the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, the arms race, and the domino theory. It discusses how the different ideologies of communism and capitalism led to tension and division in Europe and around the world. The article also highlights key events like the Yalta Conference, the creation of the United Nations, and the Berlin Airlift.

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The Cold War: War of Ideology

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  1. The Cold WarDefine for your Notes: (267) • United Nations • Iron curtain • Containment • Truman Doctrine • Marshall Plan • Cold War • Arms race • Domino theory

  2. The Cold War The War of Ideology

  3. During World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) hadjoined together to Defeat the Germans. The USSR Advanced from the east and the Americans From the west. They embraced each other When the met at the Elbe River. They had Defeated the Nazis. But the two countries Never fully trusted each other. Communism And Capitalism are completely opposite Philosophies.

  4. I. Europe and Japan in ruins • At the end of WWII Europe lay in ruins. • Germany was destroyed and split into Allied and Soviet control

  5. 3. France was messed up

  6. 4. Britain was messed up

  7. 6. USSR (Soviet Union) was messed up

  8. 5. Japan was messed up

  9. 7. Only the USA was still powerful

  10. I. The Allies Become Enemies • The Alliance began to fall apart even before the end of the war. • The US hated that Stalin had made a non-aggression pact with Hitler in 1939 • The USSR resented that the US had not attacked Hitler until 1944 (D-Day)

  11. A. The Yalta Conference: A plan for after the war February 1945 • Before the surrender of Germany… • The leaders of Britain, US and USSR met to plan for when they won the war. • They agreed to divide Germany between them.

  12. Stalin agreed to help the US against Japan • Stalin promised the Eastern European countries would have free elections

  13. B. The United Nations is created • The Soviet Union and the US along with 48 other nations formed the UN • One large body called the General Assembly • Each country has one vote • The real power is in the Security Council • 11 members • 5 permanent members (Britain, China, France, US and USSR) • Any one can veto and stop action – this was to prevent any one country from having too much power

  14. US Encourage democracy to prevent communism Gain access to raw materials and markets Rebuild Europe so they could buy our stuff Reunite Germany to increase security in Europe USSR Spread Communism-A worldwide workers’ revolution Rebuild using East European materials and markets Control East Europe to buffer against aggression Keep Germany divided to prevent war again C. Different goals for the US and the USSR

  15. II. Eastern Europe falls behind an “Iron Curtain” A major goal of the USSR was to prevent invasion from the west. • Remember … • Poland in the 1600s • Sweden in the 1700s • Napoleon in 1812 • Germany in World War I, 1914 • Germany in World War II, 1941

  16. A. The Soviets Build a Buffer

  17. C. An Iron Curtain Divides the East and West • Europe was divided into a mainly democratic west • A mainly communist east • President Truman pressed for the right of Eastern Europe to choose the kind of government they wanted • Stalin said that communism and capitalism could not exist in the same world • The cold war began

  18. III. United States Tries to Contain Communism • The Truman Doctrine (you’ve got to know this one) • US was worried that communism was spreading. • He sets out to contain and block the influence of the USSR on countries around the world

  19. s B. The Marshall Plan (another one to know) • To help rebuild Europe and Japan to prevent them from turning to communism • Provided food and machinery to rebuild all that had been destroyed

  20. C. The Berlin Airlift • The USSR wants to keep Germany weak and divided • The Capital of Germany, Berlin was divided between the Allies and the USSR • The USSR controlled the roads into Berlin • The US sent food Berlin inspite of the blockade

  21. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZidBq8QS-g

  22. 1948 the US sent food and supplies to the people of Berlin for 11 months. The USSR finally gave up and lifted the blockade in May 1949 • 278,000 Flights • 2.3 million tons of food

  23. IV. The Cold War Divides the World

  24. The Marshall Plan, and the Berlin Airlift marked the beginning of the Cold War • A struggle over political differences with out military action. • Spying, propaganda and secret operations marked this time • Much of the world chose sides • If you weren’t for us, you were against us

  25. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) • The Berlin Blockade made the West afraid of Soviet Aggression • 1949 ten western European nations joined the US and Canada & formed NATO • An attack on any NATO member would be met with by the other members

  26. The Warsaw Pact • The USSR saw NATO as a threat and formed its own alliance in 1955. • The Warsaw Pact included: • USSR • East Germany • Czechoslovakia • Poland • Romania • Bulgaria • Hungary

  27. Nonaligned Countries • Some countries decided to stay out of the mess • India • China (even though it was a Communist country)

  28. The Berlin Wall 1961 • Because so many people were trying to escape from communist East Germany… • Soviets built a fortified wall to keep its people from leaving

  29. Some Tunneled out • Some went over the top • All risked death to be free

  30. Berlin Wall http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fK1MwhEDjHg&feature=related fall https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bqySsC7ihSI&playnext=1&list=PL0BF6C4A32195F050&feature=results_video escape http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExOYvW5vCj4 escape short http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Ycppm2cEsw best one https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsqACUvNSgY rise and fall 45 min.

  31. Nuclear War? The 1st one will be the last war, ever. • 1949 USSR explodes its own atomic bomb • The US builds a bigger bomb • The Arms Race begins • Each side building more destructive weapons • Everybody threatens, but is afraid to set off a nuclear war

  32. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoOZgDNuBtw&feature=related Nuclear war begins pt1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7-ACI6Mq-g0 Life in a fallout shelter pt1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMoMSUtRCzU&feature=related Fallout shelter pt2http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w86QhV7whjs&feature=related How to spot a commiehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wA8z94MXo9M&feature=relatedNuc bomb testhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7VsxW1pAFBk&feature=related Us nuke test with soldiershttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ES4Dwm-JQYI&feature=related Best onehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LxD44HO8dNQ&feature=related Soviet bombhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMYYEsKvHvktsar bombhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIvII5CRAT0&feature=fvsr test on soldiershttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-2kdpAGDu8s&feature=fvsr duck and cover

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