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Cold War Notes

Cold War Notes. How to fight a war without actually fighting the war -or- The war of words. WWII Ends. Germany gets divided into 4 sections (Yalta) Democratic – West Germany Communist – East Germany West Berlin – Democratic East Berlin – Communist

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Cold War Notes

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  1. Cold War Notes How to fight a war without actually fighting the war -or- The war of words

  2. WWII Ends • Germany gets divided into 4 sections (Yalta) • Democratic – West Germany • Communist – East Germany • West Berlin – Democratic • East Berlin – Communist • Soviet Union sets up buffer zones in Eastern Europe • Berlin Airlift (1948 – 1949) • Soviets blockade supplies to West Berlin • USA airlifts supplies for 1 year until Stalin lifts blockade • 1949 Germany is officially divided

  3. Behind the Cold War • Fighting of Diplomacy (no weapons • Tensions between US and USSR escalate • Cold War Started after Bolshevik Revolution • Theory was communism spread • USA citizens begin to worry

  4. What to do with the Soviets • Containment Theory – George Kennan • GK never believed US and USSR would go to war • He wanted to contain or block the Soviets and stop communism from spreading • Communism would either mellow or eventually break up • Nazi Germans put up the Berlin Wall

  5. Examples of Containment • Marshall Plan – aiding Western Europe against communism • CIA – financed the Christian Democrats in Italy in an election to defeat the Communists • Truman Doctrine – Giving aid to Greece and Turkey to fight Communism • NATO – military alliance formed against the Soviets by John Foster Dulles • SEATO • CENTO • ANZUS • Warsaw Pact – Formed by the Soviets to counteract these organizations

  6. Why not bomb the Soviets into the stone age? • WWII soldiers were not willing to fight and wanted to go home • US would have to occupy the largest nation in the world • US would have lost an land battle with the Soviets (e.g. Napoleon, Kaiser Wilhelm, Hitler) • A-Bombs would not have stopped them because of the largeness of their nation

  7. Major Players of the Cold War • Josef Stalin – Soviet dictator • Marshal Tito – Leader of Communist Yugoslavia • Truman – US president when cold war escalated • Eisenhower – US president whose foreign policy was based on containment • Mao Tse Tung - Communist China leader • Nikita Khrushchev – Soviet leader who proclaimed “Peaceful Coexistence” with the west • Fidel Castro – Cuban communist dictator • JFK – US president during Cuban Missile Crisis

  8. Korean War – Communism tries to spread (first hot war of the cold war) • 1943 – Cairo Conference – Korean would remain free and independent • Chaing Kai-Shek (China) • Winston Churchill (Great Britain) • FDR (USA) • After WWII • North of 38 parallel - Communist • South of 38 parallel - Democratic

  9. Korean War Continued • 1949 national election • South – democratic • North – communist • Wanted unity but under their own form of government

  10. Korean War Continued • June 1950 – NK marches across the 38th parallel • U.N. security council votes to assist SK • Bulk of troops came from US • Only wanted to contain communism • Did not take any territory

  11. Events of the Korean War • Macarthur gets fired • Wanted to advance on China • Wanted to completely destroy communism • Gets canned by Truman for violating containment • War ends in a stalemate • Objective of containment successful

  12. Truce Terms • 38th parallel divides North Korea and South Korea • U.N. Troops have to evacuate islands off of NK

  13. Results • US and USSR had negative feelings escalated • NK communist – poor and backwards • SK democratic – booming economy • First time international team fought in another nation’s war

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