Chapter 18

1. Chapter 18 The Male Reproductive System

2. DO NOW 10-9 • Draw and label your version of the female reproductive system (should include ALL 8 parts) and give 4 definitions out of 8 of those parts. • REMEMBE THIS DOESN’T HAVE TO BE THE BEST DRAWING…JUST SOMETHING THAT YOU UNDERSTAND.

3. DO NOW 10-10 • In what ways are the male and female reproductive systems different? In what way are they the same? (do not just list organs as differences…think bigger EX: the male and female reproductive systems are similar because they are both involved in reproduction)

4. DO NOW 10-11 • Make a venndiagram of the male and female reproductive system. What are their differences and similarities.

5. KEY TERMS • Sperm • The sex cell that is produced by the testes and that is needed to fertilize an egg • Fertilization • The process by which a sperm and an egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life • Testis • The male reproductive organ that makes sperm and testosterone • Penis • The male reproductive organ that removes urine from the body and that can deliver sperm to the female reproductive system • Semen • A fluid made up of sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive organs

6. What the Male Reproductive System Does • The male reproductive system works to produce sperm and deliver it to the female reproductive system. • Sperm are sex cells that are produced by the testes and are needed to fertilize an egg.

7. Sperm • Sperm consists of three regions: • Head – tip contains enzymes that helps to dissolve the protective layer around the egg so fertilization can occur. The 23 chromosomes are located here. • Body – is packed with mitochondria, supplies the energy for the sperm to swim to the egg. • Tail – is a single, powerful flagellum that propels the sperm

8. How the Male Reproductive System Works • The male reproductive system is made up of internal and external organs

9. Terms • The testes (testicles) are the male reproductive organs that produce sperm and testosterone. • Produce several hundred million sperm each day. • Sperm are made inside the testes in tightly coiled tubules called seminiferous tubules. • Testosterone is the major male sex hormone. It regulates body changes during puberty and influences sperm production. During puberty testosterone causes what changes for male? • Facial and body hair, voice deepens, shoulders broaden.

10. Terms • Penis • male reproductive organ that removes urine from the body and can deliver sperm to the female reproductive system. • Epididymis • Sperm are stored and matured in this. The epididymis is made up of tightly packed coils tubes. • Vas Deferns • a duct that extends from the epididymis. It contracts to help move sperm along as they exit the body. It eventually merges with the urethra. • Seminal Vesicle • They are found near the base of the bladder. They produce thick secretions that nourish the sperm and help sperm move easier. • Prostate Gland • Encircles the urethra near the bladder. The gland secretes a thin, milky fluid that protects the sperm from acid in the female reproductive system. • Bulbourethral (Cowper’s) Gland • Found near the urethra below the prostate. Prior to ejaculation, this gland secretes a clear fluid that protects the sperm from acid in the male urethra

11. Structures of the Male Reproductive System • Reproductive Organs • Testes • Epididymis • Vas deferens • Penis • Urethra • Accessory Glands • Seminal vesicles • Prostate Gland • Bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland

12. External Features of the Male Reproductive System

13. Male Reproductive Health • Circumcision • Is the surgical removal of the foreskin from the penis • NOT EVERYONE GETS THIS DONE • Smegma – is a substance that forms under the foreskin consisting of dead skin and other secretions • Digital Rectal Examination • Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in males • DRE – is an examination in which the physician inserts a finder into the rectum and examines the internal reproductive organs and the rectum for irregularities. • Testicular Self Examination – a self test in which the male checks his testes for lumps and tenderness. (pg. 435)

14. How the Male Reproductive System Works • The penis is the male reproductive organ that removes urine from the body and can deliver sperm to the female reproductive system. • Consists of soft tissue and blood vessels. • The penis must be erect during ejaculation (blood vessels in the penis fill with blood during sexual activity). • Ejaculation – is when sperm leave through the penis during sexual excitement. • Urine or sperm passes through the penis in the urethra. • Sperm from the testes travel through the epididymis and the vas deferens. In the vas deferens, sperm mixed with fluids to make semen.

15. Sperm Production and Travel Path • Sperm produced in seminiferous tubules of testes • The sperm then move through a maze of tiny ducts into the epididymis where they mature • The sperm eventually drain into the vas deferens that travels up through the scrotum inside the spermatic cord • The vas deferens continues upward to the bladder where it is joined by the excretory duct of the seminal vesicle, forming the ejaculatory duct • Ejaculatory duct joins with urethra within the prostate • Urethra extends to the tip of penis

16. Sperm Production and Travel Path

17. Problems with the Male Reproductive System

18. Problems with the Male Reproductive System

19. Keeping the Male Reproductive System Healthy

20. Early Detection of Testicular Cancer • What age group is affected by testicular cancer the most? • When is a man most at risk? • Can testicular cancer be treated effectively? • When? • How often should you perform a testicular self examination? • How do you perform a testicular self examination?