الدرس الأول

1. Lesson One الدرس الأول Topics: What is Speech? The Parts of Speech The Gender of Nouns in Arabic Proper Nouns (Names) The Demonstrative Pronoun (اسم الإشارة) Constructing simple sentences with “This / that is a …” Asking and answering simple questions: “Who is this / that?” and “What is this / that?” Also, “Is this / that a …?” Answering with “yes” or “no”.

2. Speech may be defined as a combination of words that convey a complete meaning. What is Speech? In Arabic Speech is أَلْكَلاَمُ. Learning a language is all about understanding speech and producing speech in that language. Thus, speech is composed of at least two words, and it must make sense.

3. Which of the following is Speech? 5. Allah is the Greatest. 6. Fear Allah! 7. Eat! 8. Eating too fast. 9. Stop! 10. Those who do good. 1. Praise be to Allah! 2. Muhammad is the messenger of Allah. 3. Men and women who fear Allah. 4. The pious are those who fear Allah.

4. Speech, in Arabic, is also called الْجُمْلَةُ الْمُفِيدَةُ i.e. the sentence that conveys a useful meaning. What are the Parts of Speech? أَجْزَاءُالْجُمْلَةِ

5. أَجْزَاءُالْجُمْلَةِ The Parts of Speech In Arabic, there are three parts of speech. They are اَلاِسْمُNoun اَلْفِعْلُVerb اَلْحَرْفُParticle

6. اَلاِسْمُ The Noun It is any word that refers to a person, animal, plant, thing or idea. Thus, it includes what in English are nouns, pronouns and adjectives. For example: قِطٌّ بِنْتٌ وَلَدٌ هِيَ هُوَ Cat Girl Boy She He صَغِيرٌ كَبِيرٌ قَلَمٌ كِتَابٌ وَرْدَةٌ Small Big A pen A book A rose

7. The Verb اَلْفِعْلُ It is any word that shows an action being performed at a specific time, past, present or future. E.g.

8. اَلْحَرْفُ The Particle It is any word that cannot stand on its own, but needs a noun or a verb to support it. It includes what in English are prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. E.g.

9. The gender of nouns In Arabic there are two genders, masculine and feminine. Feminine nouns end with ةwhile masculine nouns do not.

10. The gender of non-living things Non-living things are either masculine or feminine. E.g. المؤنث Fem. المذكر Mas. a ruler مِسْطَرَةٌ a book كِتَابٌ a car سَيَّارَةٌ a pen قَلَمٌ a watch سَاعَةٌ a chair كُرْسِيٌّ a school مَدْرَسَةٌ a desk مَكْتَبٌ a room غُرْفَةٌ a door بَابٌ a window نَافِذَةٌ a house بَيْتٌ

11. Read these words and give their meanings سَاعَةٌ قَلَمٌ كُرْسِيٌّ سَيَّارَةٌ بَيْتٌ مَدْرَسَةٌ بَابٌ كِتَابٌ نَافِذَةٌ مَكْتَبٌ مِسْطَرَةٌ غُرْفَةٌ إِمْرَأَةٌ صَدِيقٌ طَالِبَةٌ مُدَرِّسٌ صَدِيقَةٌ مُدَرِّسَةٌ رَجُلٌ زَوْجٌ بِنْتٌ وَلَدٌ زَوْجَةٌ طَالِبٌ

12. Give the Arabic for these words a student (f) a school a desk a house a friend (f) a room a door a window a teacher (f) a chair a car a ruler a woman a man a teacher (m) a book a student (m) a husband a pen a girl a wife a friend (m) a watch a boy

13. Exceptions to the rule of ة Some nouns that refer to female persons do not end with ة. Here are the corresponding masculine nouns. Some nouns that refer to male persons end with ة. E.g. Note: Words such as دَاعِيَةٌ and عَلاَّمَةٌ are common to males and females.

14. ة Feminine Nouns without Some common everyday words which do not have ة are feminine by usage. Eg. Also, body parts that come in pairs are feminine. Eg. Body parts that are single are masculine, unless they have ة Eg.

15. اَلْعَلَمُ Proper Nouns Proper nouns are names. Feminine names usually have ةwhile masculine names do not. E.g. Below are some exceptions to the above rule.

16. اِسْمُ الإِشَارَةِ The Demonstrative Pronoun  

17. اِسْمُ الإِشَارَةِ The Demonstrative Pronoun Exercise:Read the following words with هٰذَاorهٰذِهِbefore them, then translate into English

18. اِسْمُ الإِشَارَةِ The Demonstrative Pronoun Exercise:Read the following words with ذٰلِكَorتِلْكَbefore them, then translate into English.

19. اِسْمُ الإِشَارَةِ The Demonstrative Pronoun Exercise:Read these words with “هٰذَا” or “هٰذِهِ” then translate. Exercise:Read these words with “ذٰلِكَ” or “تِلْكَ” then translate.

20. Who is this? Who is that?

21. What is this? What is that?

22. Exercise Point to one of these pictures and ask your friend in Arabic “Who is this?” or “What is this?” Take turns asking and answering.

23. Is this a ...? The particle أَ changes a statement into a question. Another way of asking “is this a book?” هَلْ هَذَا كِتَابٌ؟ The particle هَلْ also changes a statement into a question.

24. Exercise Point to a picture and ask each other in Arabic “Is this a …?” Take turns asking and answering.