Teaching in Confined Water

1. Teaching in Confined Water Management, Preparation and Delivery

2. Overview • Value and Goals of Confined Water Training Dives • Set Up and Control • Skills Management (Workshop) • Anatomy of an Effective Confined Water Teaching Presentation • Preparing a Confined Water Teaching Presentation

3. Value and Goals of Confined Water Training Dives • Why is confined water training so important? • Scuba instruction involves developing dive skills • Student divers learn how to dive in the water, not in the classroom • Knowledge development only supports the need to develop skills — it deals with why • In confined water student divers learn, practice and gain confidence in preparation for open water

4. Value and Goals • Confined water’s importance . . . • Learning motorskills requires participation, repeated practice and a student diver’s full attention • To learn, divers must be comfortable and feel confident • Confined water offers calm, clear and controlled conditions, without environmental distractions

5. Value and Goals • What are five goals of confined water training? 1. Allow for clear skill demonstrations • When student divers see a good demonstration, they better emulate the instructor and perform with fewer errors 2. Make initial student diver practice easier under instructor supervision 3. Encourage repeated skill practice to increase competence — mastery learning

6. Value and Goals • Five goals . . . 4. Allow the instructor to identify and correct problems 5. Evaluate student diver readiness to demonstrate skills in open water

7. Knowledge Review

8. Set Up and Control • What defines a confined water dive site? • A swimming pool or any body of water that offers swimming pool-like conditions with respect to clarity, calmness and depth • Site’s depth must allow student divers to meet all performance requirements —including adequate access to water shallow enough to stand up in or water too deep in which to stand

9. Set Up and Control • What are four preplanning considerations for setting up confined water dives? 1. Site selection— Select a site that meets the confined water dive needs relative to depth (shallow and deep), calmness and clarity

10. Set Up and Control • Four preplanning considerations . . . 2.Equipment — make sure student divers have all required equipment • Have extra equipment available – especially weight • Ensure adequate thermal protection • Have student divers practice with equipment they’ll use in open water

11. Set Up and Control • Four preplanning considerations . . . 3. Skill sequence and positioning — Plan sequence and class position based on site configuration and physical conditions • Avoid repeatedly swimming from shallow to deeper water and back • Consider sun angles • Position class in area least likely to be disturbed by others • Know site dimensions for skills with distance or depth requirements

12. Set Up and Control • Four preplanning considerations . . . 4. Use of certified assistants— Brief assistants about their roles • Site facilities • Location of first aid kit, oxygen, extra equipment, weights, etc. • How much assistance and guidance to give student divers • Expected order of skills and where to position themselves • Skills they may demonstrate

13. Set Up and Control • What are four onsite considerations for setting up confined water dives? 1. Give an orientation to the facilities 2. Designate an equipment set up area 3. Explain facility rules

14. Set Up and Control • Four onsite considerations . . . 4. Emphasize guidelines that reinforce techniques and prepare student divers for the open water environment • Work in buddy teams • Don’t leave tanks standing unattended • Keep equipment in one area • Don’t enter the water without supervision • Don’t use poolsides for support • Keep masks in place • Wait for the instructor’s directions

15. Set Up and Control • What are five requirements essential to maintaining control on confined water dives? 1. Be prepared • Have lesson plan and skills sequence noted on slate • Use PADI Cue Cards

16. Set Up and Control • Five requirements to maintain control . . . 2. Communicate clearly • Speak loudly enough to be heard • Establish hand signals and use them consistently • Give directions without beingdemanding

17. Set Up and Control • Five requirements to maintain control . . . 3. Use assistants and physical barriers to maintain group control • Position assistants to keep divers together and watch divers not under your direct control • Assistant can keep divers occupied, practicing skills or playing a game • Use poolsides or corners to keep the group together

18. Set Up and Control • Five requirements to maintain control . . . 4.Be sensitive to student diver needs • Divers who are cold, fatigued, frustrated, stressed, bored, can’t see or hear what’s going on are not ready to learn 5. Have fun • If you’re not having fun, your student divers may not be having fun • Serious skills can be made enjoyable without diminishing their importance

19. Making Confined Water More Fun

20. Skills Management • What forms are available for use in documenting confined water dives? • Student Skills Record in PADI Log Book, Pro Section • PADI Water Skills Checkoff Form • Confined Water Skills in PADI Log Book, Diving Education section • Confined Water Dives section on Student Record File or Open Water Diver Course Record and Referral Form

21. Skills Management • What flexibility do you have in sequencing confined water dives? • Skill sequence is from simple to complex • Subskills are introduced first, then used to master more complicated skills • For mutliple confined water dives, conduct the dives in sequence • Divers meet performance requirements for one dive before progressing • Skills may be rearranged within a dive

22. Skills Management • Flexibility in sequencing . . . • Skills may be combined – however, avoid task loading student divers by introducing too much at one time • With flexibility comes responsibility – plan dives to cover skills, yet avoid excessively long sessions

23. Skills Management (Workshop) How can you structure a confined water dive to make the best use of time and space? Assigned Site ________________________ • What special logistical, equipment or staffing needs are there for this dive? • How will you sequence the skills throughout the dive – first to last? • Where will you position divers and assistants during skill demonstrations and practice? • What else do you need to consider to make sure student divers can meet performance requirements (depth, distance, etc.)?

24. Anatomy of an Effective Confined Water Teaching Presentation • What are the critical elements necessary for learning motor skills? • Verbal instructions — outline procedural steps for completing the skill • Demonstration — visual outline of the required steps. Role model execution presented in person or on media (video)

25. Confined Water Presentation • Critical elements for learning skills . . . • Practice — develop the proper motions and sequence of movements. Practice is the most critical part of mastering a skill. • Feedback — assessment and reinforcement of performance • Divers may assess their own performance and self-correct • You review performance, offer reinforcement and suggestionsfor improvement

26. Confined Water Presentation • What are the six parts of a confined water teaching presentation? • Briefing — (verbal instructions) • Demonstration — (visual representation) • Control and Organization — (conducive environment for practice) • Student diver practice • Problem solving — (immediate feedback) • Debriefing — (additional feedback)

27. Confined Water Presentation • What are the six parts of a briefing? 1. Introduction — an introduction of the skill, and (if new) yourself or assistants 2. Value — a realistic reason why divers should learn the skill and how it applies when diving 3. Objective — a clear statement of the measurable performance requirement.

28. Confined Water Presentation • Six parts of a briefing . . . 4. Explanation — a brief description of the steps required to complete the skill 5. Conduct — a description of the overall organization – where and when 6. Signals — a demonstration of signals used during the skill performance

29. Confined Water Presentation Briefing Example

30. Confined Water Presentation • What is the most effective way to demonstrate a skill? • Show all the critical steps described in the briefing – slow, smooth and deliberate • By exaggerating the details, you draw attention to them – making performing the skill easier • Make sure that all divers can see the demonstration • If necessary, use assistant to help demonstrate a skill

31. Confined Water Presentation Demonstration - Score 5

32. Confined Water Presentation Demonstration - Score 4

33. Confined Water Presentation Demonstration - Score 3

34. Confined Water Presentation Demonstration - Score 2

35. Confined Water Presentation Demonstration - Score 1

36. Confined Water Presentation • What are several control and organization techniques? • Position student divers in an area conducive to performing the skill • Organize activity flow to use time efficiently • Use assistant(s) to observe student divers • Provide student divers with guidance and adequate positive reinforcement • Observe surroundings and continually reinforce good diving habits

37. Confined Water Presentation Control and Delivery Example

38. Confined Water Presentation • How can you ensure that student divers meet performance requirements and receive adequate practice? • Student divers may take several attempts to meet performance requirements and need more practice to master the skill • Repetition is essential • Have a certified assistant monitor additional practice • Skill combination drills and games allow practice while having fun

39. Confined Water Presentation • Ensure performance requirements . . . • Problems may occur —anticipate them and respond correctly or prevent them • How you respond to problems is important to diverdevelopment • Plan for commonly encountered problems

40. Confined Water Presentation • Ensure performance requirements . . . • To effectively handle problems: • Be close and ready to respond • Give divers time to self-correct problems, but be ready to offer assistance • Correct problems gently and calmly – don’t startle student divers • After correcting a problem, take a few moments to reinforce the proper technique

41. Confined Water Presentation Problem Solving - Score 5

42. Confined Water Presentation Problem Solving - Score 4

43. Confined Water Presentation Problem Solving - Score 2

44. Confined Water Presentation Another Problem Solving - Score 2

45. Remember, you must ensure that student divers have mastered performance requirements.If in doubt, check by having divers perform skills one more time.

46. Confined Water Presentation • What are the five parts of a debriefing? • Restate Objective — Clearly restate performance requirement • Positive Reinforcement — Give specific examples of how well divers performed • Identify Problems — Identify specificproblems that occurred • Suggestions — Give specific suggestions to avoid those problems and improve performance • Value — Reinforce the value and how it applies while diving

47. Confined Water Presentation Debriefing Example

48. Preparing a Confined Water Teaching Presentation • What steps should you take to develop a confined water teaching presentation? • Review Performance Requirements and Recommended Techniques in PADI Instructor Manual and Aquatic Cue Cards • Refer to “Guidelines for Preparing Confined Water Teaching Presentations” • Review commonly encountered problems list • Use Confined Water Lesson Preparation Slate • Visualize and rehearse the presentation • Review the evaluation criteria

49. Work in a group to prepare a confined water teaching presentation

50. We’ve discussed. . . • Value and Goals of Confined Water Training Dives • Set Up and Control • Skills Management (Workshop) • Anatomy of an Effective Confined Water Teaching Presentation • Preparing a Confined Water Teaching Presentation