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CIS 116 SUNY Ulster

CIS 116 SUNY Ulster. Chapter L5 – The GUI Karl Wick. GUIs and Linux. X Windows is a graphical interface to the underlying linux components. Client / Server relationship.

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CIS 116 SUNY Ulster

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  1. CIS 116 SUNY Ulster Chapter L5 – The GUI Karl Wick

  2. GUIs and Linux • X Windows is a graphical interface to the underlying linux components.

  3. Client / Server relationship • The x window system has to power to run a program on one computer and take I/O from another computer. The computer that runs the program is called the X client and the computer that uses the program is called the X server. Note: These terms are reversed from 'normal' networking terminology.

  4. Common Window managers • Enlightenment - Used by Gnome • Kwm - Used by KDE • Over 50 others • AnotherLevel • CDE • fvwm • olwm • mwm • twm • Gnome

  5. Gnome (sometimes pronounced guh-nome) • Is a desktop environment that requires a window manager. • Gnome uses Enlightenment • The GUI that we installed on the class computers is gnome, • With the standard Red Hat installation you have a choice of gnome or KDE or both if you have sufficient hard disk space.

  6. Starting the X Window System

  7. Starting X • From the text interface type startx <enter> • It is best to use the GUI as a plain user although it will allow you to come in as root. This will generate a warning message. • Gnome will display a picture and then a list of processed that it is starting. After a short wait you will see the main screen.

  8. Review • You can set the system to automatically run the GUI by editing the /etc/inittab file. If you do this, it is hard to get back to the text interface. If you boot into text mode it is easy to go back and forth between text and GUI shells.

  9. How It’s Done • Look for this line: • id:3:initdefault in the /etc/inittab file • 3 means boot to text shell • 5 means boot to GUI • Do NOT use any other value or you can trahs the system! • You can force the program to reread the configuration file (and avoid the need to shutdown and restart manually) by typing init q <enter>

  10. Gnome - The screen • Icons • The Panel • Windows • Desktop area

  11. Windows - Components • A border • Title bar • Options button • Iconify button (like mminimize) • Minimixe/Maximize Button (like maximize/restore) • Close Button • Scroll bar

  12. Resizing • Click (single click) the help icon • Practice resizing from all four sides and corners • Move by dragging the title bar • Shade (roll up the window) by double clicking the title bar

  13. The options button • Choices vary with build • Stacking is interesting • So is kill or annihilate

  14. The Panel • The foot is the main menu • The end arrows minimize the panel itself • Standard icons • Help • Terminal emulation • Open • Try commands • Leave open

  15. The Panel • Tool Box • Netscape • Virtual Desktop selector • Switch to unused and open help • Click on terminal quarter, unused and help

  16. Clock • Right click to modify properties

  17. The File Manager • Notice the CDROM and floppy 0 icons on the desktop. • These may not appear automatically with all implementations • Click, foot, programs, file manager • Click + and - signs at left. • Similar to windows explorer

  18. The File Manager • /dev /home and other directories will be here • open the /mnt directory. • You should see cdrom and floppy • Gnome tries to automatically mount these devices • Open /home • You will see all user account directories (but not root)

  19. Notice the buttons at the top of the window • Icons, brief, detailed, custom • Menu bar options

  20. Exercise - file management • Open a new virtual desktop • Open terminal emulation • Create test1 test2 text3 (touch test1 test2 test3) • Switch to file manager desktop • Click the rescan button • Go to /home or /root (depending on how you logged in) • The files should appear

  21. Exercise - file management • Right click test1 and click on copy to test4 • The display will automatically rescan • Right click test1 and delete • Right click test2 and move to test5

  22. Multiple file operations • Switch to brief view • Click test3, • Shift click test5 • Test3 test4 and test5 are selected. <Shift-click> selects a range of files • <CTRL-click> works too. It selects multiple files

  23. Open file on the menu • Create a new directory called new_dir • You can use relative or absolute paths

  24. Some applications • Calendar • footprint, programs, applications, calendar • explore it • Spreadsheet • Footprint, programs, applications, Gnumeric • Gnumeric will read .xls files • Text editor • Footprint, programs, applications, gedit • Emacs is also available

  25. Configuring the desktop • Click on configuration tool icon • The "control center" appears • At the top left is the desktop section • Check out the background and screensaver areas • In screensaver is where you can set a password to get back on

  26. Adding applets to the panel • Right click on any empty part of panel • Applets - monitors • CPU load • MEM load • Disk usage

  27. Adding icons to menus • Open footprint • Right click any menu or sub menu • Follow menus

  28. Games • Are found under programs

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