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KARAKTERISITIK BATUAN

KARAKTERISITIK BATUAN. Sifat batuan : Sifat fisik : - bobot isi - berat jenis - porositas - absorpsi - void ratio 2. Sifat mekanik : - kuat tekan - kuat tarik - modulus elastis - poisson ratio - sudut geser dalam - kohesi - kuat geser.

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KARAKTERISITIK BATUAN

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  1. KARAKTERISITIK BATUAN

  2. Sifat batuan : • Sifat fisik : - bobot isi - berat jenis - porositas - absorpsi - void ratio 2. Sifat mekanik : - kuat tekan - kuat tarik - modulus elastis - poisson ratio - sudut geser dalam - kohesi - kuat geser

  3. Pengujian : - uji laboratorium - uji di lapangan Non destructive test→ pengujian tanpa merusak contoh Destructive test → pengujian yang akibatkan contoh rusak/hancur

  4. Hubungan sifat fisik : • Rancangan peledakan • Perencanaan penambangan • Perhitungan beban dan analisis tegangan • Analisis kemantapan lereng dsb Sifat mekanis berhubungan dengan hampir seluruh rancangan penggalian di permukaan maupun di bawah tanah

  5. PENENTUAN SIFAT FISIK BATUAN DI LABORATORIUM d = 50 – 70 mm H ≥ 2d H d

  6. Penyiapan contoh coring machine → laboratorium core drilling → lapangan tentukan besarnya d dan H, hitung luas penampang A dan volume contoh V • Penimbangan Wn = berat percontoh asli Wo = berat percontoh kering (dioven 24 jam, ± 900) Ww = berat percontoh jenuh (dijenuhkan dengan air, 24 jam) Wa = berat percontoh jenuh + berat air + bejana

  7. Wb = berat percontoh jenuh tergantung di dalam air + berat air + berat bejana Ws = Wa – Wb = berat percontoh jenuh tergantung dalam air Vtp = Wo – Ws = volume percontoh tanpa pori VT = Ww – Ws = volume percontoh total

  8. 3. Penentuan sifat fisik batuan • Bobot isi asli : • Bobot isi kering : • Bobot isi jenuh : • Berat jenis semu : • Berat jenis nyata :

  9. Kadar air asli : • Kadar air jenuh : • Derajat kejenuhan : • Porositas = n = • void ratio = e =

  10. 4. Penentuan Sifat Mekanik Jenis pengujian laboratorium: • Uji kuat tekan uniaksial (Unconfined Compression Test) • Uji kuat tarik (indirect tensile strength test) • Uji beban titik (point load test/test Franklin) • Uji triaksial (triaxial compression test) • Uji kuat geser langsung (punch shear test) • Uji kuat geser pada n tertentu (direct box shear strength test) • Uji kecepatan gelombang ultrasonik (ultrasonic velocity)

  11. Jenis pengujian lapangan : • Rock loading test (jacking test) • Block shear test • In-situ triaxial compression test • Hydraulic fracturing Keuntungan uji insitu → lebih representatif, karena masih dalam kondisi asli dan menyangkut volume batuan yang besar. Kerugian → - memerlukan waktu lebih lama - biaya lebih mahal

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